盐胁迫对罗布麻生长和生理的影响  

Effects of salt stress on the growth and physiology of Apocynum venetum

作　　者：王珊 李静 吴玉洁 李晓刚 封晓辉[2] WANG Shan;LI Jing;WU Yujie;LI Xiaogang;FENG Xiaohui(College of Forestry,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;Research Center for Agricultural Resources,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050022,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071001 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,河北石家庄050022

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第9期1832-1841,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900904);中国科学院工程实验室项目(KFJ-PTXM-017)。

摘　　要：罗布麻(Apocynum venetum)是我国北方盐碱地典型的乡土盐生植物,具有较高的经济价值,是提高盐碱地利用效率的优良物种。本研究通过盆栽的方式分析了不同盐分条件下罗布麻幼苗的生长特征,旨在于分析滨海轻度、中度和重度盐渍土(NaCl含量3.0、6.0和9.0 g·kg^(−1))对罗布麻的生长及生理影响。结果表明,在所试的盐处理条件下,随着土壤含盐量的升高,罗布麻的枝长和生物量逐渐降低,植株的鲜重和干重均显著降低,植株含水率也显著下降(P<0.05);叶片水势、净光合速率和气孔导度也呈下降趋势;罗布麻地上部Ca^(2+)、Na^(+)和Cl^(−)含量均显著增加(P<0.05),地上部K^(+)含量和K^(+)/Na^(+)显著降低(P<0.05);盐胁迫下,粗根中的脯氨酸含量显著增加(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,在盐渍土中罗布麻的生长受到抑制,在轻度盐渍土中,罗布麻生长量显著降低,但是生理参数变化并不明显;中度盐渍土中,罗布麻地上部Na+积累增多,渗透调节物质增加;而重度盐渍土中罗布麻虽成活但是生长缓慢。本研究结果将为滨海盐碱地罗布麻的栽培提供参考。Apocynum venetum is a typical native halophyte in the saline-alkali areas of North China.It increases the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land owing to its high salt tolerance and economic value.We conducted a pot experiment to analyze the growth and physiological response of A.venetum under different soil salinity(3.0,6.0,and 9.0 g·kg^(−1))to clarify the effects of salt stress on the growth of A.venetum.The results showed that the increase in soil salt content significantly decreased the branch length and biomass of A.venetum.In addition,the fresh weight,dry weight,and water content of the whole plant,as well as the leaf water potential,net photosynthesis rate(Pn),and stomata conductivity(Ci),significantly decreased(P<0.05)under salt stress.Under salt stress,Ca^(2+),Na^(+),and Cl^(−)contents of the leaf increased,whereas K^(+)content and the K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio significantly decreased(P<0.05).The root proline content of the plant under salt stress was significantly higher than that of the control plant.These results suggest that the growth of A.venetum was inhibited by salt stress.In mild saline soil,the growth of A.venetum decreased significantly,but the changes in physiological parameters were not significant.In moderately saline soil,Na+accumulation and osmotic adjustment substances in the leaf increased.Although A.venetum survived in the heavily saline soil,the growth was slow.These results may provide a reference for the cultivation of A.venetum in coastal saline lands.

关 键 词：NACL胁迫 枝长 耐盐生理 光合作用 离子积累 脯氨酸 可溶性糖 

分 类 号：S563.7[农业科学—作物学]