民法典时代的公司代表权构造——对既往法定代表人制度的扬弃与超越  

Corporate Representation Structure in the Era of The Civil Code Era——Sublation and innovation to the traditional legal representative system

作　　者：李洹 LI Huan(Civil,Commercial and Economic Law School,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期66-77,共12页Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences

摘　　要：当前我国法定代表人制度在运行中虚化趋势明显,挂名冒名、恶意变更等乱象丛生,司法续造也倾向于弱化该制度的法定唯一性。观察其历史沿革发现,该制度创设之初的“法定代表人中心主义”定位与现代公司治理格局无法相容,是导致运行失范的主要原因。面对制度存废的命题,应将代表制度立于法人行为的法构造问题的基点上展开;我国应当充分结合民法典施行的法治国情,在团体法与个人法兼容的私法评价体系下,以公司代表权为核心重塑公司代表制度。在基本路径上,坚持去“代表人”的中心化,将代表权分配体系融于现代公司治理结构中;在具体设计上,搭建以代表权范围、行权模式、对应义务、个人责任等为制度支点的基本框架,并讨论可选方案。Currently,China’s legal representative system has obviously become less effective in operation,with various malpractices including titular impostors and deliberate change with evil intentions.Therefore,judicial renewal tends to weaken the uniqueness of the legal status of this system.An analysis of the formation and development of the system finds out that the main factor contributing to its ineffectiveness in practice is that the representative-centered orientation in the beginning is incompatible with the modern corporate management structure.Whether the system is to be abandoned requires an analysis of the representative system on the basis of the legal construction of legal person’s behavior.This paper holds that China should fully consider its law-rule situation under The Civil Code to reshape corporate representative system with corporate representative rights at the center under the private law evaluation system that integrates both the private organization law and individual law.In terms of the basic path,China should continue decentering the“representative”and set up a system of representation distribution that fits the modern corporate management structure.As for the system design,a basic framework should be established with the representative scope,right-claiming mode,obligation and individual liability as the foundation,and then a possible option could be discussed.

关 键 词：法定代表人 代表权 团体法 公司治理 

分 类 号：DF59[政治法律—民商法学]