国际货币竞争视角下的央行数字货币跨境支付  

Cross-border Payment of Central Bank Digital Currency from the Perspective of International Currency Competition

作　　者：李俏莹 孙方江 Li Qiaoying;Sun Fangjiang

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行湛江市中心支行,广东湛江524022 [2]中国人民银行韶关市中心支行,广东韶关512026

出　　处：《西南金融》2022年第9期45-56,共12页Southwest Finance

摘　　要：科技进步、经济活动发展不断演变推动货币形态的演变,随着数字技术发展,央行数字货币逐步登上历史舞台,并被视为改善跨境支付效率的重要机遇。央行数字货币将来是否真正用于跨境领域,将会是主权货币竞争、公共与私人货币竞争、地缘政治等综合因素权衡的结果。基于此,本文研究央行数字货币跨境应用的基本概念和潜在路径,探讨央行数字货币跨境支付对国际货币竞争的影响,并系统梳理当前全球主要国际组织、国家和地区对央行数字货币的战略研究与实践探索,研判各主要国际货币的初步态度,最后结合我国实际提出政策建议,包括统筹“自主研发”和“国际合作”,提升我国在数字货币领域话语权;统筹“创新引领”和“风险可控”,通过优化技术设计扬长避短;统筹“央行主导”和“私营部门参与”,促进形成各方推动合力。Technological progress and the continuous evolution of economic activities promote the evolution of currency forms. With the development of digital technology, central bank digital currency(CBDC) has gradually entered the stage of history and is regarded as an important opportunity to improve the efficiency of cross-border payment. Whether CBDC will actually be used in cross-border areas in the future will be the result of a comprehensive balance of sovereign currency competition, public and private currency competition, and geopolitics.Based on this, this paper studies the basic concepts and potential paths of the cross-border application of the CBDC, discusses the impact of the cross-border payment of the CBDC on international currency competition, systematically sorts out the current strategic research and practical exploration of the CBDC by major international organizations, countries and regions around the world, and studies and judges the preliminary attitudes of major international currencies. Finally, this paper puts forward policy suggestions based on China’s actual situation, including coordinating "independent research and development" and "international cooperation" to enhance China’s right to speak in the field of digital currency, coordinating "innovation leadership" and "risk controllable" to maximize strengths and avoid weaknesses through optimizing technical design, and coordinating "central bank leadership" and "private sector participation" to promote the formation of synergies among all parties.

关 键 词：央行数字货币 数字人民币 跨境支付 跨境资金流动 支付结算 国际货币 货币竞争 数字经济 

分 类 号：F820[经济管理—财政学]