中亚热带红壤不同粒级有机质的化学特征及其对有机培肥的响应  

Chemical characteristics of organic matter at different particle sizes and its response to organic fertilization regime in middle subtropical red soil

作　　者：燕明蕊 李冬初[3] 张会民[3] 娄翼来[4] 王义东[1,2] YAN Mingrui;LI Dongchu;ZHANG Huimin;LOU Yilai;WANG Yidong(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Geographyic and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院,天津300387 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [4]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《天津师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期68-74,共7页Journal of Tianjin Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31300381,31570523).

摘　　要：为了解红壤区不同粒级土壤有机质的化学特征及其对有机培肥的响应,以湖南省祁阳县旱地红壤为研究对象,进行秸秆还田和施加有机肥的实验.采用湿筛法得到粗颗粒(>250μm)、细颗粒(53~250μm)和矿质结合组分(<53μm)共3种土壤粒级组分,利用元素分析仪和热裂解-气相色谱/质谱(Py-GC/MS)技术分别进行碳、氮含量和土壤化合物化学组成的测定和分析.结果表明:①27 a的有机培肥处理大幅增加了土壤中有机碳的含量,同秸秆还田相比,施加有机肥的增碳效果更显著.②全土中,施加有机肥使有机碳与总氮的含量分别显著提高了35.1%和32.0%,而未显著影响土壤的C/N(P>0.05).③粗颗粒中含有较多的芳香烃和木质素(主要指示植物来源);细颗粒中含有较多的脂肪族化合物;矿质结合组分中含有较多的酚类化合物和含氮化合物,表明它们具有较高的化学亲和力.同粒级组分相比,有机培肥对土壤有机质化学组成的影响较小,主要体现在对木质素和氨基化合物的影响上.综上,粒级组分对土壤的碳、氮含量与有机质的化学组成起主要调控作用,有机培肥方式对其影响相对较小.To explore the chemical characteristics of soil organic matter(SOM)at different particle sizes and its response to organic fertilization in red soil area,the red soil upland in Qiyang Country of Hunan Province was adopted as study area.The organic fertilizer cultivation experiment(straw returning and manure amendment)was carried out,and soil samples were subse-quently separated into three classes using wet sieving,including coarse particles(>250μm),fine particles(53-250μm)and mineral binding components(<53μm).The carbon and nitrogen contents and soil compounds of three partical size classes were measured and analyzed by elemental analyzer and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(PY-GC/MS).The re-sults were as follows:①The organic fertilization in 27 years significantly increased soil organic carbon(SOC)content.Compared with straw returning,the carburizing effect of manure amendment applying was more significant.②In the bulk soil,the application of manure amendment significantly increased the content of SOC and total nitrogen(TN)(35.1%and 32.0%respectively),but did not significantly affect the C/N value(P>0.05).③The coarse particles contained more aromatic and lignin(the main indicators of plant-derived origin).The fine particles contained more aliphatic compounds.Phenols and N-containing biopolymers were concentrated in the mineral binding components,indicating that they have high chemical affinities.Compared with the particle size fractionation,organic fertilization had less effect on the chemical composition of SOM,which was mainly reflected in lignin and amino compounds.In conclusion,particle size plays the greater role in regulating carbon and nitrogen content and chemical composition of SOM,while organic fertilization has less effect.

关 键 词：中亚热带红壤 粒级 有机质化学特征 有机培肥 土壤有机质 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]