大薸对奶牛场废水中耐药基因的去除效果和驱动因子分析  

Purification effects and driving factors of antibiotic resistance genes during Pistia stratiotes L. treating dairy wastewater

作　　者：王涵 杜德林[1,2] 刘生博 赵润 马文婷 张克强 支苏丽 Wang Han;Du Delin;Liu Shengbo;Zhao Run;Ma Wenting;Zhang Keqiang;Zhi Suli(Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China;College of Resources amd Environment,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150036,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Xian'an District,Xianning City,Xianning 437000,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [2]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150036 [3]咸宁市咸安区农业农村局,咸宁437000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第14期256-264,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2022-jbkyywf-zsl);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41807474)。

摘　　要：为探究大薸对奶牛场废水的净化效果,该研究选用温室模拟培养结合高通量测序方法,研究大薸对奶牛场废水中耐药基因(Antibiotic Resistance Genes,ARGs)的去除效果及驱动因子。结果显示:对于奶牛场3种实际废水(原水、厌氧池和氧化塘废水),大薸整体呈现良好的净化效果,废水中大部分ARGs的绝对丰度呈现正去除效果,在原水、氧化塘废水和低浓度厌氧池废水中,大薸处理后ARGs绝对丰度(lg值)分别下降0.25(erm A和fex A)~3.66(blaOXA-1)、0.08(blaTEM-1)~3.51(str B)和0.09(fex A)~4.07(str B),而对高浓度厌氧池废水,则仅有9/16的ARGs呈现正去除。经过大薸处理后,不同废水中的微生物多样性和丰度均升高,废水中优势菌种Proteobacteria和Firmicutes相对丰度下降,而Bacteroidetes和Actinobacteriota相对丰度上升,相较于无植物处理组中微生物群落差异较大。冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis,RDA)结果表明,优势菌属(Hydrogenophaga、Flavobacterium、Bacillus和Gemmobacter)结合环境因子对ARGs变化的解释率分别为9.6%、6.0%、7.0%和5.1%,网络分析结果亦表明,ARGs变化与微生物和环境因子密切相关。因此,大薸对ARGs的去除是通过微生物变化和环境因子改变等多种作用共同驱动的。研究结果可为畜禽污水中ARGs污染防控提供理论依据,有助于推动植物生态处理技术的绿色可持续发展。Pistia stratiotes L., one types of aquatic plants, has been commonly known as the water lettuce in the arum family.The absorption of Pistia stratiotes L. has been successfully used for the ecological treatment to dispose the urban wastewater in recent years. However, it is still lacking on the removal performance and driving factors of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) in the livestock and poultry wastewater. In this study, a systematic investigation was made to evaluate the purification effects and driving factors of ARGs during floating plant Pistia stratiotes L. treating the dairy farm wastewater. An analysis was also made to clarify the overall removal performances and occurrence regularity of ARGs in the different types of wastewater. Furthermore, the measurement was conducted to determine the diversity and structural difference of microbial communities in the ecosystem after different treatments. Thus, the driving factors of ARGs were obtained to combine the microbial communities, mobile genetic elements, and environmental factors. Three kinds of actual wastewaters were set in the dairy farm, including the raw water, anaerobic pond and oxidation pond wastewater. Sixteen kinds of ARGs and three kinds of MGEs were selected to widespread in the wastewater of three dairy farms. The results showed that the excellent overall purification effect of Pistia stratiotes L. was achieved during this time. A positive removal effect was found in the absolute abundance of the most ARGs in the wastewater. The best performance of Pistia stratiotes L. was also achieved for the removal of blaOXA-1 in the raw water, the oxidization pond, the low-concentration anaerobic tank in str B, and the high-concentration anaerobic tank, with the removal effect of 3.66. 3.51, 4.07, and 1.27, respectively. In the raw water, oxidation pond wastewater,and low-concentration anaerobic pond wastewater, the absolute abundance(lg value) of ARGs after the treatment of Pistia stratiotes L. decreased by 0.25(erm A and fex A) to 3.66(blaOXA-1), 0.08(b

关 键 词：废水 氮 磷 化学需氧量 耐药基因 植物修复技术 驱动因子 净化效果 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]