植物次生代谢物质对蓟马的行为调控作用及其在蓟马防控中的应用  

Behavioral manipulation of the plant secondary metabolites to thrips and their application in thrips management

作　　者：李晓维[1] 程江辉 韩海斌[3] 吕要斌[1] LI Xiao-Wei;CHENG Jiang-Hui;HAN Hai-Bin;Lü Yao-Bin(State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products,Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;College of Chemistry and Life Science,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,China;Grassland Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,杭州310021 [2]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004 [3]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2022年第9期1222-1246,共25页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31901885);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划(2022C02016);内蒙古自治区关键技术攻关项目(2021GG0057)。

摘　　要：蓟马是多种农作物和园艺作物上的重要害虫,通过直接取食和间接传播病毒给作物造成巨大的经济损失。植物次生代谢物质在植物-昆虫互作中起到重要的作用,通过植物次生代谢物质调控害虫行为从而达到控制害虫的目的是一种害虫绿色防控的重要措施。本文综述了对蓟马类害虫具有引诱、驱避、抑制产卵、拒食、熏蒸毒性和毒杀作用的植物、植物提取物、植物精油和化合物,并讨论了植物次生代谢物质在蓟马防控中的应用潜能。对蓟马具有引诱作用的主要包括27科54种植物的挥发物或精油、29种苯环类、17种吡啶类和13萜烯类化合物,可开发为诱集植物和引诱剂;具有驱避作用的主要包括16科40种植物的挥发物或精油、20种萜烯类和6种苯环类化合物,可开发为驱避植物和驱避剂;具有抑制产卵、拒食、熏蒸毒性和毒杀作用的主要有20科42种植物的提取物或精油、6种生物碱类、15种萜烯类和5种苯环类化合物,可开发为植物源农药和熏蒸剂。本文最后讨论了应用植物次生代谢物质防控蓟马存在的作用效果不稳定、田间应用技术缺乏、作用机制不明确等问题,并展望了未来的研究方向,对基于植物次生代谢物质的蓟马绿色防控具有重要意义。Thrips are important pests of agricultural and horticultural crops,causing enormous economic losses by direct feeding and indirect transmission of the plant-pathogenic virus.Plant secondary metabolites play a pivotal role in plant-insect interactions.The manipulation of insect behavior using plant secondary metabolites to protect crop plants from pest infestation is a promising eco-friendly control tactic.In this article,plants,plant extracts,essential oils and chemical compounds that have attractive,repellent,oviposition and feeding deterrent effects,fumigation toxicity and toxic activities to thrips were reviewed,and the potential of plant secondary metabolites for thrips management was discussed.Volatiles or essential oils from 54 plant species in 27 families,29 benzenoids,17 pyridines and 13 terpenes are attractive to thrips and could be used as trap plants and attractants.Volatiles or essential oils from 40 plant species in 17 families,20 terpenes and 6 benzenoids show repellency against thrips and could be used as repellent plants and repellents.Extracts or essential oils from 42 plant species in 20 families,6 alkaloids,15 terpenes and 5 benzenoids have oviposition and feeding deterrent effects,fumigation toxicity and toxic activities to thrips,and could be developed into botanical pesticides and fumigants.Finally,current problems of plant secondary metabolites in thrips management,such as unstable effects,lack of field application technology and unclear muchamisms,were discussed,and potential research directions were prospected,which are of great significance to thrips management based on plant secondary metabolites.

关 键 词：蓟马 植物次生代谢物质 引诱作用 驱避作用 抑制产卵 拒食作用 熏蒸毒性 毒杀毒性 生物防治 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]