清季幕府的近代化因素生成 ——以曾李二幕为例  

Generation of Modernization Elements of Mufu in the late Qing Dynasty:A Case Study of Mufu of Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang

作　　者：郑军 ZHENG Jun(Office of Social Sciences,Ludong University,Yantai 264039,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学社会科学处,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第5期50-55,共6页Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：鸦片战争后,为了应对“三千年未有之大变局”,清季幕府出现了近代化因素。在幕府机构设置方面,新式专业性局所开始逐渐取代传统六房;在幕友选材方面,西学之才和买办乃至外国人逐渐取代传统士人承担起幕府的主要工作;在局所的属性方面,局所由原来的私人色彩日渐转换为官方性质。幕府在人才和机构设置方面所出现的专业化和职能化的趋势,造成了官幕一体的同质化现象。这种嬗变虽然是为了因应传统行政体制所无法解决诸多新矛盾和新问题的现实需要,但是却无形中承担起了清代行政制度向近代化迁转的探路者的角色,进而推动了幕府由私室到公门的转换。After the Opium War,the situation changed a lot and there appeared modernization elements of Mufu in the late Qing Dynasty.In the institutional setting of Mufu,the new-type specialized bureaus gradually began to replace the traditional“six-bureaus”;in the selection of advisers,the talents of Western learning,compradors and even foreigners gradually took place of traditional scholars to undertake the main tasks of Mufu;in the attribute of bureaus,the private color was gradually changed into the official character.The trend of specialization and functionalization in terms of talents and institutional setting caused the homogeneous phenomenon of the whole officials,aides and staff.Though this change was to adapt to the practical needs,for which the traditional administrative system could not solve many new contradictions and problems,it unconsciously assumed the pathfinder role of the Qing Dynasty s administrative system turning to modernization,and as a result,it pushed forward the transformation from the private Mufu to the official one.

关 键 词：清末幕府 曾国藩 李鸿章 近代化 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]