压缩空气泡沫扑救大型油类火灾全尺寸实验研究  

Full-scale experimental study on extinguishing large oil fire using compressed air foam

作　　者：何坤 徐林志 陆兆勇 徐学军 邓锡中 廖克斌 韩月 杨志立 程旭东[1] HE Kun;XU Linzhi;LU Zhaoyong;XU Xuejun;DENG Xizhong;LIAO Kebin;HAN Yue;YANG Zhili;CHENG Xudong(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230026,China;Guangdong Ruilin Special Equipment Manufacturing Company,Zhaoqing Guangdong 526108,China;Guangxi Fire and Rescue Corps,Nanning Guangxi 530201,China;Nanning Fire and Rescue Detachment,Nanning Guangxi 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230026 [2]广东瑞霖特种设备制造有限公司,广东肇庆526108 [3]广西消防救援总队,广西南宁530201 [4]南宁消防救援支队,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第9期154-159,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：应急管理部消防救援局重点攻关项目(2020XFZD18);科技部国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001704)。

摘　　要：为验证压缩空气泡沫扑救大型火灾的有效性,分别开展225 m^(2)甲醇和450 m^(2)重油油池火灭火实验,采用压缩空气泡沫系统搭配消防机器人远距离喷射压缩空气泡沫的灭火方法,分析该方法的灭火效能。研究结果表明:压缩空气泡沫系统可以实现远距离灭火,压缩空气泡沫的施加可以有效降低油池内燃料温度、火场温度以及油池附近热辐射强度。在压缩空气泡沫系统混合液流量为3900 L/min时,距离油池边缘29 m条件下扑救450 m^(2)全尺寸重油火灾的灭火时间为130 s,灭火阶段水和3%泡沫液的消耗量分别为8233 L和273 L;在压缩空气泡沫系统混合液流量为3600 L/min时,距离油池边缘不小于35 m条件下扑救225 m^(2)全尺寸甲醇火灾的灭火时间为231 s,灭火阶段水和6%泡沫液的消耗量分别为12962 L和808 L。研究结果对提升扑救大型油池火灾的作战能力具有重要意义。In order to verify the effectiveness of compressed air foam in extinguishing the large scale fires,the fire extinguishing experiments of 225 m^(2) methanol and 450 m^(2) heavy oil pool fires were carried out respectively.The method using the compressed air foam system cooperated with the fire fighting robot to inject the compressed air foam remotely was adopted,and the fire extinguishing efficiency of the method was analyzed.The results showed that the compressed air foam system could achieve the long-distance fire extinguishing,and the application of compressed air foam could effectively reduce the fuel temperature in the oil pool,fire field temperature and thermal radiation intensity near the oil pool.When the mixed liquid flow rate of the compressed air foam system was 3900 L/min,the extinguishing time of the 450 m^(2) full-scale heavy oil fire was 130 s under the condition of 29 m from the edge of oil pool,and the consumption amount of water and 3%foam liquid in the extinguishing stage was 8233 L and 273 L,respectively.When the mixed liquid flow rate of the compressed air foam system was 3600 L/min,the extinguishing time of the 225 m^(2) full-scale methanol fire was 231 s under the condition of no less than 35 m from the edge of oil pool,and the consumption amount of water and 6%foam liquid in the extinguishing stage was 12962 L and 808 L,respectively.The results of this study are of great significance to improve the combat capability of extinguishing large oil pool fires.

关 键 词：全尺寸灭火实验 大型油池火灾 压缩空气泡沫系统 灭火性能 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]