通风条件下氩气泄漏空间氧气盈亏公式推导及应用  

Derivation and application of oxygen profit and loss formula in argon leakage space under ventilated conditions

作　　者：殷德山[1] 张英喆[1,2] 张晴 郑瑞臣[1] 赵军 YIN Deshan;ZHANG Yingzhe;ZHANG Qing;ZHENG Ruichen;ZHAO Jun(China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第9期232-235,共4页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022JBKY11)。

摘　　要：为解决氩气等惰性气体使用场所窒息风险评估方法不足的问题,同时提高建筑通风换气有效性,减少特殊建筑缺氧窒息事故的发生。建立理想气体稀释模型,以氮氩气在空气中的总体积分数为直接指标,研究通风条件下氩气散发导致的氧气浓度变化过程,推导出在氩气泄漏或通风换气单独作用下氮氩气总体积分数与时间之间的函数关系,并在此基础上推导出维持氧气浓度的需用风量计算公式。最后在实例中应用,评估某实验室通风换气的有效性,给出实际需用风量建议。研究结果表明:氧气盈亏模型的建立,为缺氧环境的风险分析提供理论依据,相关公式简单易用,对建筑通风量的准确计算与有效性评估具有重要意义。In order to solve the problem that the risk assessment methods of suffocation for the places where the inert gas such as argon is used are deficient,improve the effectiveness of building ventilation,and reduce the occurrence of anoxia suffocation accidents in special buildings,a dilution model of ideal gas was established,and the volume fraction of nitrogen and argon in the air was used as a direct index to study the change process of oxygen concentration caused by the argon emission under ventilation conditions.The functional relationship between the total volume fraction of nitrogen and argon and time under the independent action of argon leakage or ventilation was derived,and on this basis,the calculation formulas of required ventilation rate for maintaining the oxygen concentration were derived.Finally,the case application was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ventilation in a laboratory and propose the suggestions of the practical required ventilation rate.The results showed that the establishment of oxygen profit and loss model provided a theoretical basis for the risk analysis of anoxic environment,the related formulas were simple and easy to use,and they are of great significance for the accurate calculation and effectiveness evaluation of the ventilation rate of buildings.

关 键 词：氩气 窒息风险 氧气盈亏模型 通风量计算 

分 类 号：X962[环境科学与工程—安全科学]