2001—2020年宁波近岸海域赤潮灾害特征分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics of Red Tide Disaster in Ningbo Coastal Waters from 2001 to 2020

作　　者：钱茹茹 QIAN Ruru(Ningbo Natural Resources Ecological Restoration and Marine Management Service Center,Ningbo 315042,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市自然资源生态修复和海洋管理服务中心,浙江宁波315042

出　　处：《江苏海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期11-17,共7页Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：收集了宁波近岸海域2001—2020年发生的赤潮灾害事件相关信息,运用统计学方法对20年间的赤潮灾害特征进行综合分析。时间分布上,宁波近岸海域赤潮主要发生在4—9月,高发期为5—8月,除10,11,12月外,全年都有发生,平均每次赤潮持续时间为5.6 d。空间分布上,赤潮主要发生在象山港海域和韭山列岛—渔山列岛海域,其中象山港海域发生次数最多,占赤潮总数的47.5%,韭山列岛—渔山列岛海域多发面积在1 000 km~2以上的特大型赤潮。引发赤潮的生物有22种,其中硅藻门9种,甲藻门12种,原生动物1种;引发赤潮次数最多的是东海原甲藻,为20起,占赤潮发生总数的25%。近20年该海域有毒赤潮共发生14起,引发有毒赤潮的藻种主要为米氏凯伦藻。全面分析2001—2020年宁波近岸海域赤潮的基本特征,为宁波市的赤潮监测预警和海洋防灾减灾提供科学依据。This paper collected the red tide disaster events from 2001 to 2020 in Ningbo coastal waters, and comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of the red tide disaster in the past 20 years by statistical methods. The results show that:(1) red tide mainly occurs between April and September, and the peak period is from May to August. It occurs all the year round except October, November and December, and the average duration of each red tide is 5.6 days;(2) the red tide mainly occurs in the sea area of Xiangshangang and Jiushan-Yushan Islands, the most frequent occurrence in Xiangshangang accounts for 47.5% of the total, and there are more than 1 000 km~2 of super large red tide events between Jiushan and Yushan Islands;(3) there are 22 species of organisms that cause red tides, among which 9 species are Bacillariophyta, 12 species are Dinophyta and 1 species is protozoa;the Prorocentrum donghaiense is the most frequent cause of red tides, with 20 cases, accounting for 25% of the total;(4) there are 14 toxic red tides occurred, the main algae species that cause toxic red tides are Karenia mikimotoi. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the basic characteristics of red tide in Ningbo coastal waters in recent 20 years, this paper provides scientific basis for the monitoring and early warning of red tide and marine disaster prevention and mitigation in Ningbo.

关 键 词：赤潮灾害 宁波近岸海域 时空分布 赤潮生物 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]