基于MaxEnt模型的康巴诺尔湖遗鸥幼鸟生境适宜性评价  

Habitat suitability evaluation of relict gull juveniles in Kangba Noel Lake based on MaxEnt model

作　　者：刘文壮 张玉虎[1] 洪剑明[2,3] 蒲晓[1] 王洁 曹子祯 刘亚东[2,3] 吴渊[2,3] LIU Wenzhuang;ZHANG Yuhu;HONG Jianming;PU Xiao;WANG Jie;CAO Zizhen;LIU Yadong;WU Yuan(College of resources environment and tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 10048;College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048;Beijing Center of Wetland Studies,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048 [3]首都师范大学北京湿地研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期44-50,共7页Journal of Capital Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：北京市科技计划“京津冀协同创新推动专项”项目(Z20110000672001)。

摘　　要：遗鸥(Larus relictus)幼鸟生境适宜性评价能够为遗鸥的保护与科学管理提供技术支撑.本研究利用MaxEnt模型,结合实地监测遗鸥幼鸟分布点和环境变量数据,对康巴诺尔湖遗鸥幼鸟生境适宜性进行评价.结果表明:影响遗鸥幼鸟生境适宜性的主要环境因子为底栖动物生物质量、水质酸碱度、湖泊水位和距裸露地距离.遗鸥幼鸟生境适宜性随着底栖动物生物质量的增加而提高,随着距裸露地距离的增加而降低;另当水质酸碱度为pH8.9、湖泊水位22 cm时,遗鸥幼鸟生境适宜性最高.遗鸥幼鸟适宜生境主要分布于康巴诺尔湖东部、东北部和南部的浅水滩,其中最适宜生境和较适宜生境面积分别为18.8和51.1 hm^(2),共计69.9 hm^(2),占研究区总面积的18.2%.建议对康巴诺尔湖的遗鸥幼鸟适宜生境进行保护,加强对湖泊水质pH和水位的监测和控制并人为营造遗鸥幼鸟的适宜生境.Habitat suitability evaluation of relict gull(Larus relictus) juveniles can provide technical support for conservation and scientific management of relict gulls. MaxEnt model was used to evaluate the habitat suitability of juveniles in Kangba Noel Lake based on the field monitoring data of distribution points and environmental variables. The results show that the main environmental factors affecting the habitat suitability of juveniles are benthic biomass,water quality,lake water level and distance to bare land. The habitat suitability of juveniles increases with the increase of benthic biomass,and decreases with the increase of the distance from the bare ground. In addition,when the water quality is pH8.9 and the lake water level is 22 cm,the habitat suitability of juveniles is the highest. The suitable habitats for juveniles are mostly concentrated in the shallow waters of Kangba Noel Lake,mainly distributed in the eastern,northeastern and southern regions. Among them,the areas of high and medium suitable areas are 18.8 and 51.1 hm^(2),totaling 69.9 hm^(2),accounting for the total study area 18.2% of the area. It is recommended to protect the suitable habitat for juveniles in Kangba Noel Lake,strengthen the monitoring and control of water quality pH and lake water level,and artificially create a suitable habitat for juveniles.

关 键 词：遗鸥 生境适宜性 最大熵模型 康巴诺尔湖 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X176