元宇宙中用户身份型数字人及其版权实践的法律考量  

Legal Considerations of User-Identified Avatars and Their Copyright Practices in Metaverses

作　　者：李宗辉[1] LI Zong-hui(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学人文与社会科学学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《编辑之友》2022年第10期88-98,共11页Editorial Friend

摘　　要：元宇宙中用户身份型数字人对版权法的挑战是系统性和根本性的。用户身份型数字人具有创造交互性、虚实相融性和主客重叠性等特点。相关主体在创造用户身份型数字人的过程中可能侵害他人人格权和版权等合法权利,需要进行有效的规制。用户身份型数字人本身的版权归属可以由元宇宙平台服务协议约定,在约定不明或不合理情形下,要根据其创作完成的具体情况分别确定。用户身份型数字人在元宇宙中经常会从事创作、表演、传播、交易等各种版权实践活动。对这些版权实践活动的法律调整要统筹协调技术、合同与法律的关系,有效规制其对现实世界合法权益的侵害,恰当理解“思想与表达”二分法的适用,审慎判断元宇宙中作品的独创性、类型及权利内容,清楚界定NFT交易方式下的版权许可关系,重点关注元宇宙中作品版权保护的特殊之处。The challenge to copyright law by user-identified avatars in metaverses is systematic and fundamental.User-identified avatars have the characteristics of being interactively created,integration of virtual world and real world,and overlapping of subject and object.The creation of user-identified avatars may infringe upon others’legal rights such as personality rights and copyrights,and need to be effectively regulated.The ownership of the copyright of the user-identified avatars can be stipulated in terms of service of metaverse platforms.In the case of unclear or unreasonable agreement,it shall be determined according to the specific situation of the creation.User-identified avatars often engage in various copyright practices such as creation,performance,dissemination,and trading in metaverses.The legal regulation of these copyright practices should coordinate the relationship between technology,contract and law;effectively regulate their infringement on the legitimate rights and interests of the real world;properly understand the application of the"idea and expression"dichotomy,and carefully judge the originality,nature,type and rights of works in metaverses;clearly define the copyright licensing relationship under the NFT transaction model;and focus on the special features of copyright protection of works in metaverses.

关 键 词：元宇宙 用户身份型数字人 版权 服务协议 非同质化通证 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]