水敏性地层 “ 粘附卡钻 ” 事故的分析与处理  

Analysis and treatment of‘adhesion sticking’accident in water sensitive strata

作　　者：代万庆[1] 赵汉伟 DAI Wanqing;ZHAO Hanwei(The First Geological Exploration Institute of Henan Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质勘查院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《矿产勘查》2022年第7期967-974,共8页Mineral Exploration

基　　金：2019年度河南省财政地质勘查项目“许昌—鄢陵地热调查(201949)”资助。

摘　　要：科学地预防、处理水敏性地层“粘附卡钻”事故,对提高生产效率和经济效益意义重大。通过分析水敏性地层“粘附卡钻”事故发生机理,得出“粘附卡钻”事故产生的原因是:泥皮滤失量偏高、厚度过大、钻孔偏斜导致钻具与孔壁局部紧密挤压,钻具被泥浆压力压向孔壁,在泥皮和孔壁摩擦阻力的作用下,钻具被“粘附”于孔壁,难以位移,产生“粘附卡钻”事故。通过“粘土—水界面扩散双电层”理论分析粘土水化分散机理,归纳火碱在泥浆中的性能作用,推论火碱解卡剂适于处理水敏性地层“粘附卡钻”事故。经现场实践,火碱解卡剂顺利解决了水敏性地层的“粘附卡钻”事故,效果良好。通过本文的机理分析和研究结论,对类似工程的施工具有很好的借鉴和指导意义。Scientific prevention and treatment of sticking accidents in water-sensitive strata is of great significance to improve production efficiency and economic benefits.By analyzing the mechanism of“sticking stuck”accident in water-sensitive formation,it is concluded that the causes of“sticking stuck”accident are as follows:the mud filter loss is high,the thickness is too large,the deviation of drilling hole leads to the local close extrusion between the drilling tool and the hole wall,and the drilling tool is pressed to the hole wall by the mud pressure.Under the action of the friction resistance of the mud and the hole wall,the drilling tool is“stuck”to the hole wall,which is difficult to displacement and causes the“sticking stuck”accident.Based on the theory of“clay-water interface diffusion double layer”,the hydration and dispersion mechanism of clay is analyzed,and the performance of caustic soda in mud is summarized.It is concluded that caustic soda is suitable for dealing with the“sticking stuck”accident in water sensitive strata.Through field practice,the pyrolysate deblocking agent successfully solved the sticking accident of water-sensitive strata,and the effect was good.The mechanism analysis and conclusions of this paper have good reference and guiding significance for the construction of similar projects.

关 键 词：“粘附卡钻”事故 “粘附卡钻”机理 火碱解卡剂 水敏性地层钻探 地热调查钻探 

分 类 号：P634.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]