利用CloudSat/CALIPSO卫星资料分析北半球污染排放区云型频率分布特征  

Analysis of cloud-type distribution characteristics over major aerosol emission regions in the Northern Hemisphere by using CloudSat/CALIPSO satellite data

作　　者：牛玺 马晓燕[1] 贾海灵 NIU Xi;MA Xiaoyan;JIA Hailing(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory for Aerosol Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration,Jiangsu Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Jinning District Meteorological Bureau of Kunming,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,南京210044 [2]昆明市晋宁区气象局,昆明650000

出　　处：《气象科学》2022年第4期467-480,共14页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975002,42061134009)。

摘　　要：本文利用A-Train卫星队列中的Cloudsat卫星所提供的二级云分类产品资料(结合了CALIPSO卫星气溶胶激光雷达)2B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR,选取2007年3月至2017年2月的样本数据进行统计分析,研究北半球主要的气溶胶排放源区(中国东部,美国东部和欧洲西部)不同云型出现频率的分布特征。结果表明,在以单层云出现的8种云类中卷云,层积云和积云的发生频率总和高达50%~70%,其次为高层云、高积云和雨层云,而深对流云和层云这两种云仅占10%以下。各类云的发生频率的空间分布可看出卷云和层积云的发生频率可高达90%以上,高层云的发生频率在70%~80%左右,高积云和积云的发生频率则接近70%以上,深对流云和层云的发生频率则在20%以下。其中,卷云、深对流云和积云主要出现在低纬度的海洋上;高层云和高积云主要出现在中低纬工业发达的陆地上;层积云、层云和雨层云主要出现在中高纬地区,其中层积云和层云出现在海洋上居多,雨层云出现频次的海陆差别不大。不同云型在不同的季节出现频次差异明显,在夏季出现较多的云型以卷云、深对流云,积云和层云为主;在冬季则是高层云、层积云和雨层云这样稳定型的云型占据主导,同时还发现卷云和层积云发生频率的月变化相反,而高层云和雨层云发生频率的月变化相似。In this paper, the secondary cloud classification product data(combined with CALIPSO satellite which has the aerosol lidar) 2 B-CLDCLASS-LIDAR provided by the Cloudsat satellite belonging to the A-Train satellite train were used. And a total of 8 years of sample data from March 2007 to February 2010 and March 2013 to February 2016 were employed for statistical analysis which studied the distribution characteristics of various clouds in the major aerosol emission areas of the Northern Hemisphere(eastern China, eastern US, and western Europe). Results show that in the 8 types of clouds that appear as single-layer clouds, the total occurrence frequency of cirrus, stratocumulus and cumulus is as high as 50% to 70%, followed by altostratus, altocumulus and nimbostratus. While the two types of clouds, deep convective clouds and stratus, account for less than 10%. The spatial distribution of the occurrence frequency of clouds can be as high as 90% for cirrus and stratocumulus, about 70% to 80% for altostratus, and nearly 70% for altocumulus and cumulus, while only nearly 20% for deep convective clouds and stratus. Among them, cirrus, deep convective clouds and cumulus are mostly found in low-latitude marine areas. Altostratus and altocumulus are mostly found in mid-low latitudes land areas where are industrially developed. Stratocumulus and stratus and nimbostratus are mostly found in mid-high latitudes, but stratocumulus and stratus mostly occurred in marine areas, nimbostratus mostly occurred in land areas and the occurrence frequency of nimbostratus occurring in sea and land is not much different. The frequency of different cloud types in different seasons is obviously different. The occurrence of clouds in spring and autumn is relatively less. In summer, cloud types occurring most are mainly cirrus, deep convective clouds, cumulus and stratus. And the table cloud types, such as altostratus and stratocumulus and nimbostratus, dominate in winter. It is also found that the monthly changes in the occurrence frequency of

关 键 词：云发生频率 分布特征 CLOUDSAT 季节变化 海陆分布 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]