面向森林火灾的应急管理信息化关键技术  

Key technologies of emergency management informatization for forest fires

作　　者：姜文宇 王飞 苏国锋[1] 李鑫 孟庆祥[4] 王冠宁 JIANG Wenyu;WANG Fei;SU Guofeng;LI Xin;MENG Qingxiang;WANG Guanning(Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Safety Science and Technology,Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000,China;Foshan Urban Safety Research Center,Foshan Guangdong 528000,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [2]清华大学深圳国际研究生院安全科学与技术研究所,广东深圳518000 [3]佛山市城市安全研究中心有限公司,广东佛山528000 [4]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2022年第9期182-191,共10页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：深圳市学科布局项目(JCYJ20180508152055235);广东省重点研发项目(2019B111104001)。

摘　　要：为全面、高效地辅助应急管理部门开展森林火灾防控与对应行动,基于森林火灾“防”和“救”的应急管理全要素与多角色协同联动的业务需求,自主研发一套覆盖森林火灾应急管理全流程的软件森林火灾监测预警与应急指挥系统。该系统针对森林火灾的风险评估、监测预警、应急处置与事件复盘等重要环节,集成自研的各类算法模型,重点研究多尺度动态风险评估、空天地一体化监测与预警、森林火灾蔓延预测、基于时间戳的可视化事故复盘等关键信息化技术。该系统在广东、浙江等多地落地应用示范,并在多起森林火灾应急指挥中发挥了重要作用。结果表明:该系统能够实现对森林火灾全流程的信息化管理,为应急管理中各类型角色用户提供自主研发的智能化辅助分析服务,可显著提升政府应急管理部门科学防控与应对森林火灾的现代化能力。In order to comprehensively and efficiently assist emergency management agencies to carry out forest fire prevention,control and response actions,an independent"Forest Fire Early Warning and Emergency Command System"was developed to cover the whole process of emergency management based on comprehensive elements like"prevention"and"rescue"as well as multi-agent collaboration needs.In consideration of important steps of risk assessment,monitoring and early warning,emergency response and case review,this system developed various independent algorithm models with its focus on key information technologies such as multi-scale dynamic risk assessment,air-space-earth integration monitoring and early warning,forest fire spread prediction,and timestamp-based visual case review.The system had been applied in many places such as Guangdong province and Zhejiang province,which played an important role in emergency command of many forest fires.The results show that it can achieve informatization management of the whole forest fire process,provide independent intelligent assistant analysis services in critical aspects of emergency management,which significantly improves the modernization capability of government emergency agencies in prevention and response to forest fires.

关 键 词：森林火灾 应急管理信息化 风险评估 监测预警 应急指挥 事件复盘 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]