4种非常规饲料在肉牛瘤胃内降解特性的研究  

Study on rumen degradation characteristics of four unconventional feeds in beef cattle

作　　者：高月娥[1] 杨凯[1] 刘建勇[1] 张美艳[1] 刘彦培 陈艳美 王喆[1] 王安奎[1] GAO Yue-e;YANG Kai;LIU Jian-yong;ZHANG Mei-yan;LIU Yan-pei;CHEN Yan-mei;WANG Zhe;WANG An-kui

机构地区：[1]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第15期9-14,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：云南省寻甸县肉牛产业科技特派团(项目编号:202104BI090024);云南高原优质肉牛产业智慧管理研究(项目编号:202102AE090009);院士工作站(项目编号:2018IC074)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究全株甘蔗青贮、木薯茎叶、香蕉茎叶青贮和白酒糟等4种非常规粗饲料在肉牛瘤胃中的降解特性。试验采用尼龙袋法,以3头装有永久瘘管的肉牛(云岭牛)为试验对象,每头牛做3个平行。4种非常规粗饲料通过瘤胃瘘管送至瘤胃腹囊中,分别在6、12、24、36、48、72 h取出,测定4种非常规粗饲料在不同时间点消化后的干物质(DM)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗脂肪(EE)含量。结果显示:白酒糟的DM、CP含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。香蕉茎叶青贮的Ash、NDF和ADF含量显著高于其他3种粗饲料(P<0.05)。木薯茎叶和白酒糟的EE含量均显著高于其他2种粗饲料(P<0.05)。DM、有机物(OM)、CP有效降解率均为白酒糟>全株甘蔗青贮>木薯茎叶>香蕉茎叶青贮。NDF有效降解率排序为香蕉茎叶青贮>木薯茎叶>白酒糟>全株甘蔗青贮。香蕉茎叶青贮和木薯茎叶的ADF有效降解率显著高于白酒糟和全株甘蔗青贮(P<0.05)。研究表明,4种粗饲料均表现出良好的饲喂效果,以白酒糟和木薯茎叶的饲用效果较好。The experiment was to study the degradation of whole sugarcane silage, cassava stem and leaf silage, banana stem and leaf silage and white distiller’s grains in rumen of beef cattle. The test used the nylon bag method, three beef cattle(Yunling cattle) with permanent fistulas were used as test objects, and three parallels were made for each cow. Four kinds of unconventional roughages were delivered to the rumen abdominal sac through rumen fistulas. The content of dry matter(DM), crude ash(Ash), crude protein(CP), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF) and crude fat(EE) of four unconventional roughages after digestion at different time points were determined. The results showed that DM and CP content of lees were significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.05). The ash, NDF and ADF content of banana stem and leaf silage were significantly higher than those of other forages(P<0.05). The EE content of cassava stems and leaves and white distiller’s grains were significantly higher than those of other two forages(P<0.05). The effective degradation rates of DM, OM and CP were distiller’s grains > whole sugarcane silage > cassava stem and leaf silage > banana stem and leaf silage. NDF effective degradation rate was ranked as banana stem and leaf silage > cassava stem and leaf silage > white distiller’s grains > whole sugarcane silage. The effective degradation rate of ADF of banana stem and cassava stem and leaf silage was significantly higher than that of white distiller’s grains and whole sugarcane silage(P<0.05). The experiment indicates that four kinds of roughages show good feeding effect, the feeding performance of grains and cassava leaves and stems is better.

关 键 词：肉牛 非常规饲料 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]