北京市15岁及以上非吸烟者公共场所二手烟应对行为及影响因素研究  

Coping behaviors and influencing factors of nonsmokers(≥15 years old)to secondhand smoke exposure in public places of Beijing

作　　者：徐露婷 石建辉[1] 齐力 杜世昌 刘秀荣[1] XU Lu-ting;SHI Jian-hui;QI Li;DU Shi-chang;LIU Xiu-rong(Department of Health Education,Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100020

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2022年第8期567-571,577,共6页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

摘　　要：目的探索北京市15岁及以上非吸烟者在室内工作场所、餐馆、室外排队3类公共场所的二手烟应对行为及影响因素,为有针对性地开展行为干预和健康科普提供科学依据。方法研究数据来源于北京市2019年成人烟草流行调查,以其中6862名非吸烟者为研究对象,调查二手烟暴露情况和应对行为、对烟草使用的知识和态度等信息。采用R 3.5.4软件进行多分类logistic回归分析。所有数据均进行复杂抽样加权。结果北京市15岁及以上非吸烟者在餐馆、室外排队、室内工作场所应对二手烟暴露时选择忍耐的比例分别为54.6%、45.5%、28.2%。非吸烟者在3类性质不同的公共场所应对二手烟暴露时存在天然优势选择:在室内工作场所选择劝阻策略(28.0%)的比例高于其他2类场所,在餐馆选择告知或投诉的比例(18.3%)高于其他2类场所,在室外排队时选择躲避策略的比例(42.6%)高于其他2类场所。多因素多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,与非吸烟者采取躲避、劝阻、告知或投诉3种策略最高度相关的因素均为对该次暴露持不接受态度(在室内工作场所OR值分别为4.30、22.53和15.77,在餐馆OR值分别为4.73、6.37和28.58,在室外排队中OR值分别为3.82、18.13和726.76),均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);此外性别、年龄、文化程度、曾经吸烟、二手烟危害知识知晓情况、禁烟法规知晓情况、支持公共场所禁烟态度均影响非吸烟者的二手烟应对行为。结论在设计针对非吸烟者二手烟应对策略的干预和科普项目时,应强化自然人群中的优势选择,以社会心理学影响因素为靶点,面向不同人群设计不同核心信息。Objective To explore the coping behaviors and influencing factors of nonsmokers(≥15 years old)to secondhand smoke(SHS)exposure in public places(indoor worksites,restaurants and outdoor waiting lines)of Beijing,and provide the scientific basis for targeted intervention and science communication.Methods The data were from Beijing Adult Tobacco Survey 2019,and 6862 nonsmokers(≥15 years old)were selected as the subjects.The investigation was performed for collecting the information of SHS exposure and coping behavior,the knowledge and attitude of using tobacco.The multinomial logistic regression were used to analyse the data,and all data were complex survey weighted.The used software was R 3.5.4.Results The proportion of nonsmokers(≥15 years old)who endured SHS exposure in public places(indoor worksites,restaurants and outdoor waiting lines)of Beijing were 54.6%,45.5%and 28.2%,respectively.The spontaneous choices of coping behaviors to SHS exposure in three different public places for nonsmokers were that the proportion(28.0%)of persuasive strategies in indoor workplaces was higher than that in other two places;the proportion(18.3%)of informing or complaining in restaurants was higher than that in other two places;the proportion(42.6%)of evasive strategies in outdoor waiting lines was higher than that in other two places.The multinomial logistic regression showed that the most relative factors of evasive strategies,persuasive strategies,informing or complaining strategies were non-acceptive attitude(in indoor workplaces,OR values were 4.30,22.53 and 15.77;in restaurants,OR values were 4.73,6.37 and 28.58;in outdoor waiting lines,OR values were 3.82,18.13 and 726.76),P<0.05 or P<0.01.Other significant influencing factors for coping behaviors to SHS were gender,age,educational level,past smoking history,knowledge of SHS risk,knowledge of no-smoking legislation,and support for no-smoking legislation.Conclusion When planning for future intervention programs targeting nonsmoker coping behaviors to SHS exposure,the s

关 键 词：二手烟 非吸烟者 应对行为 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]