芳香族硝基化合物废水处理的研究进展  

Research Process of Aromatic Nitro Compounds Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：唐婷婷 赵平[1] 金波[1] TANG Ting-ting;ZHAO Ping;JIN Bo(Southwest University of Science and Technology,School of Materials and Chemistry,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学材料与化学学院环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《含能材料》2022年第10期1055-1068,共14页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21875192)。

摘　　要：芳香族硝基化合物中的硝基苯、硝基甲苯、二硝基苯酚等都是炸药的主要成分,除了它们本身的爆炸性和危险性,还具有高稳定性及高毒性,对人类健康、土壤、水源及生态环境都会造成极大的危害。本研究介绍了目前芳香族硝基化合物废水处理技术的现状,依据物理处理、化学处理和生物降解三种处理方法,进行了各种技术优缺点的总结,并展望了发展趋势。三种处理方法中物理处理法存在潜在的二次污染风险,生物降解法时间成本较高,故认为化学处理法是最具发展前景的方法,其中的光催化法仅借助太阳光就可高效降解芳香族硝基化合物废水,具有绿色环保、节能等优点,虽该方法还未运用到实际应用中,但可将其他处理技术与光催化法联合应用,达到取长补短、相得益彰的效果。Nitrobenzene,nitrotoluene and dinitrophenol in aromatic nitro compounds are the main components of explosives.In addition to their own explosiveness and danger,they also have high stability and high toxicity,which can cause great harm to human health,soil,water source and ecological environment.In this paper,the current status of aromatic nitro compound wastewater treatment technology is summarized.Based on three treatment methods of physical treatment,chemical treatment and biodegradation,the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies are summarized,and the development trend is prospected.Among the three treatment methods,the physical treatment method has potential secondary pollution risks,and the biodegradation method has higher time cost,therefore,it is considered that the chemical treatment method is considered to be the most promising method.Among them,the photocatalytic method can efficiently degrade aromatic nitro compounds wastewater only with the help of sunlight,which has the advantages of green environmental protection and energy saving.Although this method has not been applied to practical applications,other treatment technologies can be combined with photocatalytic methods to achieve the effect of complementing each other.

关 键 词：芳香族硝基化合物废水 炸药 毒性 降解 进展 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O61[理学—无机化学]