中华大蟾蜍淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体互换(SCE)对环境诱变性的检测  

THE APPLICATION OF THE SCE OF LYMPHOCYTE OF BUFO BUFO GARGARIZANS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENICITY ASSAY

作　　者：温昌祥 吕群[2] 林绥恩 江绍慧 项维 Wen Changxiang;Lu Qun;Lin Suien;Jiang Shaohui;Xiang Wei(Institute of Genetics,Fudan University,Shanghai)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院生物教研室 [2]复旦大学遗传学研究所 [3]某化工基地环保所

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1984年第4期347-351,I0008,共6页动物学研究（英文）

摘　　要：本文选用我国分布既广又常见的两栖动物--中华大蟾蜍(Bufo bufogargavizans)为实验材料,用活体给药,离体外周血培养的方法,以SCE为指标,测试两种已知阳性药物--环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide)和甲基磺酸甲酯(MMS)的诱变性。实验证明,这两种药物的剂量为15毫克/公斤体重时,无论雌性和雄性动物的SCE和对照组都显著差异,对照组:♀8.3±0.55,♂8.6±0.62;环磷酰胺:♀13.67±0.86,♂11.47±0.60;甲基磺酸甲酯:♀11.87±0.74,♂10.9±0.62。 在这基础上我们又对在不同环境中生活的中华大蟾蜍进行了实际的检测,观察其淋巴细胞的SCE变化,结果如下:庐山样本的SCE最低,♀为7.7±0.23;♂为7.6±0.30。黄山、复旦大学校园样本的SCE略高于庐山的样本,但统计学上是不显著的。而来自某工厂污水厂和氧化塘样本的SCE,♀性分别为11.78±0.27和13.9±0.33;♂性分别为11.23±0.27和12.71±0.24,这些结果与庐山、黄山、复旦大学校园所得结果比较,统计学上差异显著。因此我们认为中华大蟾蜍淋巴细胞SCE可作为一个灵敏可靠的遗传毒理学新的测试系统。In this article we report the that technique of sister-chromatid exchange(SCE)of peripheral lymphocyte of Bufo bufo gargarizans was used for environmental monitoring.Two known mutagens,cyclophosphamide and methyl methane sulpho-natc,were administrated intraperitoneally as positive controls.Several animal samples taken from different localities,namely from Lushan,Huongshan,the campus of Fudan University,as well as from the living area,the waster water treatment plant and the oxidation pond of a certain factory in Shanghai suburb,were analyzed.The experimental results demonstrated that the SCE frequencies ofthc two known positive controls,cyclophosphamide and methyl methane sulphonate were 13.67+0.86 and 11.87+0.74 respectively in female.The SCE frequency of Lushan’s sample was the lowest,i.e.7.7±0.23 in female,and 7.6±0.30in male.Generally,the females were more sensitive than males.The SCE frequency of Huongshan’s sample and that of Fudan University campus’sample were higher than that of Lushan’s,but their differences were not significant statistically.Nevertheless,the SCE frequencies of the samples from the waste water treatment plant(11.78±0.27 in female)and the oxidation pond(13.91±0.33 in female)of a certain factory mentioned above were markedly higher.The authors propound that the SCE of lymphocyte of B.bufo gargarizans,an animal widely distributed all over China,could be used as a sensitive and reliable screening system in vivo in genotoxicological studies.

关 键 词：外周血培养 中华大蟾蜍 阳性药物 诱变性 遗传毒理学 雄性动物 甲基磺酸甲酯 淋巴细胞 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]