突破供肝短缺难题:异种肝移植的发展与创新  

Development and progress of liver xenotransplantation:A potential breakthrough for current shortage of donor liver

作　　者：李霄 窦科峰 LI Xiao;DOU Kefeng(Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Army Institute of Organ Transplantation,Xijing Hospital,Air Force Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学西京医院肝胆外科,全军器官移植研究所,西安710032

出　　处：《临床肝胆病杂志》2022年第10期2201-2205,共5页Journal of Clinical Hepatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82070681,82170667,82070671,81970566);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JM-537);西京医院学科助推计划(XJZT21CM14);医学科研项目(AKJ19J001,18CXZ014)。

摘　　要：供肝短缺是目前影响肝移植发展的最大难题。以2-1,3-牛乳糖苷转移酶基因敲除小型猪为供体的肝移植,在非人灵长类动物体内最长存活近1个月,已初步具备进入临床试验的条件。综合异种肝移植特点及临床现实情况,将异种肝移植作为暴发性肝功能衰竭的“桥接移植”可能是目前异种肝移植进入临床的最佳切入点。本文试就异种肝移植的发展历程、目前的研究进展以及未来临床试验受体选择的标准进行综述和分析,希望对未来的临床异种移植研究提供参考。The donor liver shortage is the bottles-neck limitation for clinical liver transplantation to save patients’ life.Liver transplantation is a treatment option for end-stage liver diseases,like Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma,and acute liver failure;however,due to availability of donor liver,lots of patients never received such treatment option and passed way.Most recently,non-human primates after a liver transplantation with GTKO pigs survived for nearly 1 month indicates a promise of clinical use of liver xenotransplantation and could offer “a bridge transplantation” for fulminant liver failure patients.This review discussed and summarized the advancement and progress in the field,i.e.,history of liver xenotransplantation research,model animals,clinical selection criteria,and future research directions and clinical trials.

关 键 词：肝移植 移植 异种 动物 基因修饰 

分 类 号：R657.3[医药卫生—外科学]