氨法电积锌液中铅的去除及阴极锌形貌研究  

Removal of Lead From Zinc Electrodeposition Solution With Ammonia and Morphology of Zinc Cathode

作　　者：桂雨曦 郝先东 邱宏菊 吴春晗 高磊 陈菓 GUI Yuxi;HAO XiANDong;QIU HongJu;WU Chunhan;GAO Lei;CHEN Guo(College of Chemistry and Environment,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650500,China;Ningxia Dinghui Industry and TradeCo.,Ltd.,Qingtongxia 751600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学化学与环境学院,云南昆明650500 [2]宁夏鼎辉科技有限公司,宁夏青铜峡751600

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2022年第5期471-475,共5页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：2021年宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021ZDYF1251);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2021J0652)。

摘　　要：研究了从ZnCl_(2)-NH_(4)Cl-H_(2)O电积锌体系中去除杂质铅,探讨了铅对电积锌的影响机制,考察了搅拌速度、反应时间及锌粉投加量对铅去除率的影响,借助SEM、XRD表征所得阴极锌形貌。结果表明:电积液中锌粉添加量2.25 g/L、搅拌速度600 r/min、反应时间75 min条件下,铅去除率96.9%;在电积液中铅质量浓度0.91 mg/L、电流密度400 A/m^(2)、温度45℃条件下,电积锌纯度达99.979%,且阴极锌表面白亮致密平整;随电积液中铅质量浓度增大,阴极锌微观形貌呈现出从规则小六角片型到簇状枝晶型变化规律,锌晶体择优取向按(101)-(110)-无明显择优取向顺序改变;适当增大搅拌速度和锌粉投加量有助于铅的去除。The removal of impurity lead from ZnCl_(2)-NH_(4)Cl-H_(2)O electrodeposition zinc system was studied,and the influence mechanism of lead on electrodeposition zinc was discussed.The effects of stirring speed,reaction time and zinc powder dosage on removing lead were examined and the morphology of cathode zinc was characterized by SEM and XRD.The results show that the lead removal rate can reach 96.9% under the conditions of zinc powder dosage of 2.25 g/L,stirring speed of600 r/min and reaction time of 75 min.Under the conditions of lead concentration of 0,91 mg/L,current density of 400 A/m^(2) and temperature of 45 ℃,the purity of electrodeposited zinc reaches99.979%,and the surface of cathode zinc is white,compact and smooth.With increasing of lead concentration in electrolyte,the morphology of cathode zinc changes from regular hexagonal sheet to cluster dendrite.The preferred orientation of zinc crystal changes sequentially(101)-(110)-none.Increasing stirring speed and zinc powder dosage is helpful to lead removal.

关 键 词：ZnCl_(2)-NH_(4)Cl-H_(2)O体系 电积 锌 铅 去除 

分 类 号：TF803.25[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF812