艰难梭菌动物感染流行病学研究进展  

Research progress in the epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infections in animals

作　　者：李丹洋 韩雅莉 马亚琴 文慧怡 苏露[1] 傅思武[1] LI Dan-yang;HAN Ya-li;MA Ya-qin;WEN Hui-yi;SU Lu;FU Si-wu(Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学,兰州730030

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2022年第9期824-829,共6页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81560090);西北民族大学本科生科研能力训练项目(No.XBMU21172)联合资助。

摘　　要：艰难梭菌(Clostridium difficile,C.difficile)为厌氧芽孢梭菌,是医院内感染性腹泻的主要病原菌之一。临床上,由于抗生素的大量使用,肠道微生态平衡被打乱,艰难梭菌乘机大量繁殖产毒,导致艰难梭菌感染(Clostridium difficile infection,CDI)。目前发现艰难梭菌也可在多种动物体内定殖或感染,动物源性分离株与人体所分离的艰难梭菌菌株具有一致性,动物直接或间接接触、食用污染的肉制品可能是传播途径之一。本文对艰难梭菌在家畜(猪、马、牛、羊)、家禽、宠物等动物中定殖或感染的临床表现、传播途径、菌株基因型、药物敏感性等流行病学特征予以介绍,旨在为艰难梭菌感染的防控提供理论参考。Clostridium difficile(C.difficile),an anaerobic bacterium,is a major pathogen causing nosocomial infectious diarrhea.Because of the abuse of antibiotics in clinical settings,patients intestinal microecological balance can be disturbed,thus leading to C.difficile proliferation and infection.Notably,C.difficile can also colonize or infect a variety of animals.Animal-derived isolates are consistent with C.difficile strains isolated from humans.Direct or indirect contact with animals and contaminated meat products may be one route of transmission.In this review,the clinical manifestations,transmission routes,genotypes,drug sensitivity and other epidemiological characteristics of C.difficile colonization or infection in domestic animals(such as pigs,horses,cattle or sheep),poultry,pets and other animals are presented to provide a theoretical reference for the prevention and control of C.difficile infections.

关 键 词：艰难梭菌 动物 人兽共患病 

分 类 号：R378.8[医药卫生—病原生物学]