浙江产蝮蛇(Agkistrodon halys Pallas)蛇毒抗凝血活酶组份抗凝机理的研究  

STUDY ON ANTICOAGULANT MECHANISM OF AN ANTICOAGULATION PRINCIPLE OF AGKISTRODON HALYS PALLAS VENOM FROM ZHEJIANG PROVINCE

作　　者：涂光俦 叶文娟[1] 曹庆娜 冉永禄[1] 程大卫[2] 张威[2] 阮长耿[2] Tu Guangchou;Ye Wenjuan;Cao Qingna;Ren Yonglu;Cheng Dawei;Zhang Wei;Ruan Changgeng(Kunming Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica;Suzhou Medical College)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所 [2]苏州医学院血栓形成与止血研究室

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1985年第3期293-301,共9页动物学研究（英文）

摘　　要：应用三次离子交换柱层析和一次凝胶过滤从浙江产蝮蛇毒中分离纯化了抗凝血活酶组份。测定出该组份由119个氨基酸残基组成,分子量为15,000道尔顿,等电点为9.4,N—末端为组氨酸。纯化的抗凝血活酶组份在体外对血浆重钙化时间有显著影响,但不延长血浆凝血酶原时间和凝血酶时间,对纤维蛋白也无溶解作用,极低浓度(0.5微克/毫升)的抗凝组份就能抑制血液凝血活酶的生成。家兔静脉注射抗凝血活酶组份后十分钟,全血凝固时间和血浆重钙化时间均明显延长,但血浆凝血酶原时间、纤维蛋白含量和全血凝块溶解时间却不受影响。蝮蛇毒抗凝血活酶组份具有磷脂酶A_(2)活性,但血浆中磷脂的水解似乎并不是血浆凝固延迟的主要原因,很可能是抗凝血活酶组份能够同血浆中凝血活酶组份(磷脂部份)可逆地结合,从而干扰了凝血酶原的活化。Using ion-exchange column chromatography and gel filtration,we purified an anticoagulation principle from Agkistrodon halys Pallas venom.The purified principle is homogenous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and consists of 119 amino acid residues.It shows the following charecteristics:molecular weight,15,000 Daltons;isoelectric point,9.4;N-terminal residue is histidine.The principle has remarkable effect on plasma recalcification time,but it does not prolong plasma prothrombin time and thrombin time.It can inhibit bbood thromboplastin generation even if at low concentration(0.5μg/ml).Both whole blood coagulation time and plasma recalcification time are apparently prolonged,but prothrombin time,fibrinogen content and whole blood clot dissolution time are not affected ten minutes after intravenous injection of the principle into rabbits.The principle possesses phospholipase A2 activity.But,it seems that the hydrolysis of plasma phospholipids is not an important faotor that accounts for the delay of plasma recalcification time induced by the principle.It is probably that the principle can reversely bind with the constituents of thromboplastin(phospholipids)in plasma thereby interferes with the activation of prothrombin.

关 键 词：蝮蛇 蛇毒 抗凝血活酶 抗凝机理 氨基酸 组氨酸 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]