UV-B对设施桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响  

Effects of UV-B on Photosynthetic Function and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Peach Leaves Grown in Greenhouse

作　　者：李晨 刘建廷 樊永信 赵雪惠 肖伟[1] 陈修德[1] 付喜玲[1] 李玲[1] 李冬梅[1] Chen Li;Jianting Liu;Yongxin Fan;Xuehui Zhao;Wei Xiao;Xiude Chen;Xiling Fu;Ling Li;Dongmei Li(Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit&Vegetable Production with High Quality and Eficiency/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,泰安271018

出　　处：《植物学报》2022年第4期434-443,共10页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31601706);山东省自然科学基金(No.ZR2016CM09)。

摘　　要：对温室栽培的油桃中油5号(Prunus persica var. nectarina cv.‘Zhongyou5’)适量补充UV-B,分析其对桃叶片光合功能及叶绿体超微结构的影响。结果表明,UV-B处理下各色素含量均有不同程度的增加,其中叶绿素b的含量和净光合速率(P)提升幅度较大。相较于未补充UV-B的桃树(对照), UV-B处理的F/F无显著变化, F’/F’比值、光化学猝灭系数(qP)、非光化学猝灭系数(qN)以及PSII实际光化学量子效率(Φ)均有显著或极显著升高。透射电镜结果显示,UV-B处理下叶绿体基质片层空隙小,堆叠紧密,叶绿体外膜边缘清晰。可见,温室内适量补充UV-B可快速改善叶片叶绿体的超微结构,提升叶绿素分子捕获光能及向PSII传递的能力,增大PSII反应中心的开放程度,提高实际光能转化效率和PSII电子传递量子效率,提高叶片的光合功能。该研究为设施果树光合性能改善和UV-B合理利用提供了理论依据。After supplementing appropriate amount of UV-B to the nectarine(Prunus persica var. nectarine cv. ‘Zhongyou5’) cultivated in the greenhouse, we analyzed the effects of UV-B on photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure of the Zhongyou5 leaves. We found that the content of leaf pigments was increased under UV-B treatment, particularly the content of chlorophyll b and the net photosynthetic rate(P) being greatly increased. Compared with the peach trees without UV-B supplementation(control), UV-B treatment did not affect the F/Fratio significantly. However, the F’/F’ ratio, the photochemical quenching coefficient(qP), the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN), and PSII actual photochemical quantum efficiency(Φ) were all significantly improved. Transmission electron microscopy analysis also showed that under UV-B treatment, the chloroplast stroma lamellae had small voids and were tightly stacked, and the chloroplast outer membrane edge was clearer than those in control. These data suggest that appropriate UV-B supplement in the greenhouse can optimize the ultrastructure of leaf chloroplasts, thereby improving photosynthesis. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of photosynthetic performance of fruit trees by using proper UV-B irradiation in greenhouse.

关 键 词：设施桃 UV-B 叶绿体超微结构 光合性能 光系统(PS) 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学] S627[农业科学—园艺学]