考虑静态电压稳定约束的电解铝参与电网频率稳定控制方法  

Frequency Stability Control Method for Electrolytic Aluminum Participation in Power Grid Considering the Static Voltage Stability Constraints

作　　者：廖思阳[1] 张明强 徐箭[1] 李健 王新迎 柯德平[1] 孙元章[1] 余杰[1] LIAO Siyang;ZHANG Mingqiang;XU Jian;LI Jian;WANG Xinying;KE Deping;SUN Yuanzhang;YU Jie(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气与自动化学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2022年第18期6727-6739,共13页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB0905900);国家电网有限公司总部科技项目资助:电力物联网关键技术(2020YFB0905900)。

摘　　要：高比例新能源的波动性对电网频率控制带来严峻挑战,依靠火电机组备用平抑新能源波动的控制方法作用有限。以电解铝为例的部分高载能工业负荷具有功率可调容量大、响应时间快的突出特点,但目前通常并不参与电网频率控制。当系统发生大扰动时,考虑电解铝的有功–电压强耦合特性、功率快速响应需求和铝厂并网点的静态电压稳定要求,提出一种考虑系统静态电压稳定约束的电解铝参与电网频率稳定的控制方法。首先将系统频率偏差作为反馈信号引入电解铝饱和电抗器压降控制实现有功功率连续而快速的调节,基于系统频率响应(system frequency response,SFR)模型实现扰动后暂态频率最低点的精准控制,使系统暂态频率偏差躲过直流频率限制控制(frequency limit control,FLC)调频死区0.14Hz,保证扰动后直流外送功能不受影响;然后,考虑扰动后稳态系统的静态电压稳定约束,以系统的静态电压稳定性最优来决定每个铝厂参与频率稳定控制时有功功率的调节量,实现多个铝厂功率调控的协同配合。所提控制策略遵循“离线计算,定时更新,在线匹配”的原则应用于实际电网。最后,基于RTDS仿真平台搭建云南电网的实际网架模型验证所提控制策略的有效性。The volatility of high percentage of renewable energy poses a serious challenge to grid frequency control, and the control method for smoothing out renewable energy fluctuations relying on thermal power units reserve capacity is of limited use. Some high energy-carrying industrial loads,such as electrolytic aluminum, have the outstanding features of large adjustable power capacity and fast response speed, but they usually do not participate in grid frequency control at present. Based on the strong coupling characteristics between the active power and voltage of electrolytic aluminum, the fast power response demand and the static voltage stability requirement of its grid access point under the scenario of large disturbance, this paper proposed a frequency stability control method for electrolytic aluminum participation in power grid considering the static voltage stability constrains. Firstly, the system frequency deviation was introduced as a feedback signal to the voltage drop control of the electrolytic aluminum saturated reactor to achieve continuous and rapid regulation of active power. The transient frequency nadir can be controlled precisely after disturbance based on the system frequency response(SFR) model to escape the frequency regulation dead zone of 0.14Hz of DC Frequency Limit Control(FLC) and ensure not to affect DC outgoing function of Yunnan. Secondly,considering static voltage stability constraints of the steady-state system after the disturbance, the optimal static voltage stability of the system was used to determine the active power regulation amount of each aluminum plant participating in frequency stabilization control, so as to realize the cooperative cooperation of power regulation for multiple aluminum plants.The control strategy proposed in this paper followed the principle of "offline calculation, regular updating and online matching", which can be applied to the actual grid. Finally, an actual grid model of Yunnan was built based on the RTDS simulation platform to verify the effectiven

关 键 词：高比例新能源 电解铝 频率偏差 饱和电抗器 SFR 直流FLC 频率稳定 静态电压稳定 RTDS 

分 类 号：TM12[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]