变压器真空有载分接开关研究综述  

Overview of Transformer Vacuum-type On-load Tap Changers

作　　者：王绍武 李鹏 李金忠 张书琦 汪可 李戈琦 李刚 肖毅[3] WANG Shaowu;LI Peng;LI Jinzhong;ZHANG Shuqi;WANG Ke;LI Geqi;LI Gang;XIAO Yi(State Grid Corporation of China,Xicheng District,Beijing 100031,China;China Electrical Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China;Shanghai Huaming Power Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Putuo District,Shanghai 200333,China)

机构地区：[1]国家电网有限公司,北京市西城区100031 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192 [3]上海华明电力设备制造有限公司,上海市普陀区200333

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2022年第18期6893-6907,共15页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2402100)。

摘　　要：有载分接开关(on load tap changer,OLTC)是电力变压器和直流工程换流变压器的核心部件,在稳定电网负荷中心电压、调节无功潮流和直流工程经济灵活运行等方面发挥重要作用。随着真空灭弧技术的快速发展,真空OLTC逐步替代油灭弧OLTC,并在电网中广泛应用。该文对比分析目前国内外主流真空OLTC的电路拓扑,从机构稳定性、真空管熄弧能力、机构疲劳特性、与油的相容性等方面系统梳理关键因素对真空OLTC可靠性的影响,提出改进和可靠性提升的技术方案。其次,对真空OLTC的运行特性和状态监测技术进行研究,重点分析真空OLTC的产气原因及特性,总结OLTC状态监测和故障防御技术的优缺点。最后,指出真空OLTC未来的发展趋势,为真空OLTC技术升级和可靠运行提供有益参考。On-load tap changers(OLTC) are the core components of power transformers and converter transformers in high-voltage direct current(HVDC) transmission projects,which play an important role in stabilizing the load center voltage of power grid, regulating reactive power flow, and increasing the flexibility and economy of HVDC transmission projects. With the rapid development of vacuum arc extinguishing technology, vacuum-type OLTC have gradually replaced oil-extinguishing OLTC. This paper compared and analyzed the switching circuits at home and abroad. Then, the influences of key factors on vacuum-type OLTC were systematically summarized from the points of mechanism stability, arc extinguishing capability of vacuum interrupter,mechanism fatigue characteristics and compatibility with oil,etc. The relevant technical solutions of structure reinforcement and reliability improvement were proposed. In addition, the operation characteristics and condition monitoring technologies of vacuum-type OLTC were investigated. The gas generation reasons and characteristics of vacuum-type OLTC were emphatically analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of OLTC condition monitoring and fault prevention technologies were summarized. Finally, the future development trend of vacuum-type OLTC was proposed, which can provide a valuable reference for the technical update and reliability improvement of the vacuum-type OLTC.

关 键 词：真空有载分接开关 切换电路 机构特点 可靠性提升 运行特性 状态监测 

分 类 号：TM403.4[电气工程—电器]