海洋源禾谷镰刀菌的生防菌筛选  

The Screening of a Biocontrol Strain of Fusarium graminearum from Ocean

作　　者：赖晓芳 陈鹏[1] 祁建槐 陈静 沈善瑞 李环 LAI Xiaofang;CHEN Peng;QI Jianhuai;CHEN Jing;SHEN Shanrui;LI Huan(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecoenvironment/Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology,Lianyungang 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室/江苏海洋大学,江苏连云港222005 [2]江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2022年第4期60-64,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2018江苏省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201811641058Y)。

摘　　要：为了发掘更优质的生防菌用于防治禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)引起的赤霉病以减少农业经济损失,同时探讨赤霉病生物防治的作用机制,本研究采用平板对峙法从海泥中筛选出一株抑菌率为57.3%的禾谷镰刀菌拮抗菌Y-2。经形态、生理生化及16S rRNA分子进化分析,Y-2属于解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。进一步的抑菌物质活性研究结果表明,Y-2具有抑菌活性的物质是一种存在于发酵液中的脂肽类,会引起禾谷镰刀菌菌丝局部膨大、数量稀少及孢子萌发延缓等现象,能抑制其他几种常见植物病原真菌,对禾谷镰刀菌引起的赤霉病病症之一幼苗苗腐防效高达69.1%,且预防效果显著高于治疗效果。本研究为禾本科作物赤霉病病原菌禾谷镰刀菌提供了更好的生防菌,为生防菌作用机理的阐明提供了理论基础。In order to discover high-efficiency biocontrol strain used to control the disease caused by Fusarium gra⁃minearum and reduce the agricultural economic losses,an antagonistic strain with anti-Fusarium graminearum rate 57.3%named Y-2 had been isolated from sea soil by plat confrontation method.It showed that Y-2 had high ho⁃mologous to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by morphology,physiological and biochemical characteristics,16S rRNA se⁃quence.The antifungal element of Y-2 had been further studied.The results showed that the element with antifun⁃gal activity was a lipid-peptide which located in the fermentation liquid and caused hypha swelling and spore germi⁃nation delaying.It could inhibit another six plant pathogenic fungi and could biocontrol red mildew artificially in⁃fested with biocontrol rate 69.1%.These data would be helpful to offer a better biocontrol strain with antagonistic ac⁃tivity,and to provide basis to elucidate the antifungal mechanism.

关 键 词：海洋 小麦赤霉病 生防菌 防效 

分 类 号：Q939.1[生物学—微生物学]