十一种灵长类染色体核仁组织者(N0Rs)的比较研究  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE NUCLEOLUS ORGANIZER REGIONS IN CHROMOSOMES OF ELEVEN SPECIES OF PRIMATES

作　　者：曹筱梅[1] 陈宜峰[1] 罗丽华[1] 单祥年[1] Cao Xiao-mei;Chen Yi-feng;Luo Li-hua;Shan Xiang-nain(Kunming Institute of Zoology,Academia Sinica)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明动物研究所

出　　处：《Zoological Research》1981年第2期120-124,I0002,共6页动物学研究（英文）

摘　　要：核仁组织者区域(NORs)存在185+285核糖体核糖核酸(rRNA)的密码基因(rDNA),可用银染色技术特异性地显示出来。Schwarzacher等(1978),用光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究了银染色体的原理,证明银可染物质是活性NORs周围或外面的酸性蛋白,而不是基因本身。 许多学者先后以银染色技术,测定了狨猴(Saguinusoedipus,Saguinus fuscicollis,Callithrix jacchus)、恒河猴(Macaca mulatta)、食蟹猴(M.fasciculars)、狒狒(Papio papio)等猴子的核仁组织者区域(Bedard等,1978;Goodpasture等,1975;Dutrillaux等1979)。Tantravahi等(1976)对人、黑猩猩猿(Pan troglodytes)、大猩猩(Gorlla gorilla)、猩猩(Pongo Pygmaeus)、银色长臂(Hylobates moloch)进行了NORs的比较研究。 本文报告了我国灵长类动物5个属11个种染色体的银染色的NORs(Ag—NORs)分布,并作了初步比较。The distribution of nuclcolus organizer regions in chromosomes of eleven primates were investigated by the silver-staining technique. Tupaia belangeri chinensis’ NORs were located on chromosomes 28ph,29ph and 30qh.The NORs of five Macaca species (M. assamensis, M. nemestrina, M. speciosa, M. mulatta and M.cyclopis)were located on chromosomes 20ph. In the Rhinopi-thecus roxellanae and Presbytis francoisi, P. phayei and Hylobates lar, their NORs were located on chromosomes 21qh. The gibbon, Hylobates co-ncolor’s on chromosomes 23ph and 24ph. NORs in all species studied were confined to different kinds of the marker chromosomes with secondary constriction. Finally, nucleolus organizer regions in chromosomes of these genera and species have been compared with each other. By comparison we can see that the species with the same or similar karyotype have the identical Ag-NORs and their evolutionary relationship are closer.

关 键 词：核仁组织者 灵长类动物 银染色 rDNA 核糖体核糖核酸 NORS 电子显微镜 食蟹猴 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]