私人庭院到公共景观——乡村庭院景观的公共性与宜居社区建设  

From Private Courtyard to Public Landscape:Publicity of Courtyard Landscape and Construction of Livable Community in Rural Areas

作　　者：寇怀云[1] 魏程琳 KOU Huaiyun;WEI Chenglin

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092 [2]同济大学政治与国际关系学院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国园林》2022年第9期46-50,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“绿色宜居村镇技术创新”(编号2019YFD1100702);国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号51678416)共同资助。

摘　　要：庭院是私人空间,但庭院景观具有公共属性,因而成为乡村景观公共治理的一部分。从空间社会学的“公共领域”视角,论证了乡村庭院景观在物理空间和社会空间层面的公共性特征,提出针对物理空间进行景观整治、针对社会空间进行社区治理的思路,为美丽庭院公共治理提供理论支持,并提出基于公共性认知、公约制定与法律底线保障的治理规则。以上海城郊村为例,分析实践中对庭院景观公共性的认知状况和公共治理问题。进一步提出庭院景观的公共治理有利于美丽乡村建设以乡村社区自组织的形式推进,保障乡村宜居社区的可持续性。The courtyard is a private space while the courtyard landscape has public attributes,and therefore it becomes part of the public governance of rural landscape.From the perspective of"public sphere"in the field of spatial sociology,this paper demonstrates the public characteristics of rural courtyard landscape in both physical space dimension and social space dimension,and puts forward the ideas of landscape improvement and community governance,which provides theoretical support for public governance of the courtyard landscape.It also proposes governance rules based on publicity cognition,convention formulation,and legal protection as a bottom line.Taking the"beautiful courtyard"activities in Shanghai suburban villages as an example,this paper analyzes the publicity cognition and public governance in practice.It further points out that the public governance of the courtyard landscape is conducive to promoting the construction of"beautiful countryside"in the form of rural community self-organization and ensuring the sustainability of rural livable communities.

关 键 词：风景园林 美丽乡村 庭院景观 公共性 宜居社区 公共治理 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]