Eye contact and sociability data suggests that Australian dingoes were never domesticated  

作　　者：J William O Ballard Chloe Gardner Lucille Ellem Sonu Yadav Richard I Kemp 

机构地区：[1]Department of Ecology,Environment,and Evolution,Latrobe University,Melbourne,VIC 3086,Australia [2]Department of BioSciences,The University of Melbourne,Melbourne,VIC 3010,Australia [3]School of Life and Environmental Sciences,University of Sydney,Camperdown,NSW 2006,Australia [4]Bargo Dingo Sanctuary,Bargo,NSW 2574,Australia [5]School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences,UNSW Sydney,Sydney,NSW 2052,Australia [6]School of Psychology,UNSW Sydney,Sydney,NSW 2052,Australia

出　　处：《Current Zoology》2022年第4期423-431,共9页动物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by Australian Research Council Discover Project 150102038.

摘　　要：Dogs were the first animal to become domesticated by humans,and they represent a classic model system for unraveling the processes of domestication.We compare Australian dingo eye contact and socialization with Basenji and German Shepherd dog(GSD)breeds.Australian dingoes arrived in Australia 5,000–8,000 BP,and there is debate whether they were domesticated before their arrival.The Basenji represents a primitive breed that diverged from the remaining breeds early in the domestication process,while GSDs are a breed dog selected from existing domestic dogs in the late 1800s.We conducted a 4-phase study with unfamiliar and familiar investigators either sitting passively or actively calling each canid.We found 75%of dingoes made eye contact in each phase.In contrast,86%of Basenjis and 96%of GSDs made eye contact.Dingoes also exhibited shorter eye-gaze duration than breed dogs and did not respond to their name being called actively.Sociability,quantified as a canid coming within 1m of the experimenter,was lowest for dingoes and highest for GSDs.For sociability duration,dingoes spent less time within 1m of the experimenter than either breed dog.When compared with previous studies,these data show that the dingo is behaviorally intermediate between wild wolves and Basenji dogs and suggest that it was not domesticated before it arrived in Australia.However,it remains possible that the accumulation of mutations since colonization has obscured historical behaviors,and dingoes now exist in a feralized retamed cycle.Additional morphological and genetic data are required to resolve this conundrum.

关 键 词：Basenji DINGO DOMESTICATION German Shepherd dog eye gaze SOCIABILITY 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]