数字普惠金融、金融素养和家庭收入贫困  

Digital inclusive finance, Financial Literacy, and Household Income Poverty

作　　者：邹静 邓晓军 JING ZOU;XIAOJUN DENG(Hangzhou International Urbanology Research Center&Zhejiang Urban Governance Studies Center;School of Tourism and Leisure,Zhejiang University;Zhejiang Leisure Society;School of Economics,Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学杭州国际城市学研究中心 [2]浙江大学杭州国际城市学研究基地 [3]浙江财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《产业经济评论》2022年第5期70-85,共16页Review of Industrial Economics

基　　金：浙江省新型重点专业智库杭州国际城市学研究中心浙江省城市治理研究中心、浙江大学旅游与休闲研究院、浙江省休闲学会课题成果(编号22CSX13)。

摘　　要：金融扶贫一直是学者和政策制定者关注的焦点,多数研究主要关注外部金融发展的减贫效应,较少关注家庭本身的金融素养对减贫的影响。基于此,本文利用北京大学数字普惠金融指数和中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据匹配形成的新数据,研究了外部数字普惠金融和内部金融素养对家庭收入贫困的联合影响。研究发现,中国家庭的基本金融素养和高级金融素养均较为缺乏,且贫困收入家庭的金融素养显著低于非贫困收入家庭。在有效缓解内生性问题前提下,结果表明数字普惠金融和金融素养对家庭绝对和相对收入贫困均有显著负向影响,即两者均可减缓家庭收入贫困,数字普惠金融的减贫效应优于金融素养的减贫效应。金融素养主要通过缓解融资约束、平滑消费和增加风险偏好来缓解家庭收入贫困,而数字普惠金融通过金融素养缓解家庭收入贫困的效应不显著,主要是通过提升家庭风险管理水平来实现。进一步分析发现,数字普惠金融的减贫效果主要源于数字普惠金融的使用深度,其减贫效应主要存在于中西部地区家庭,高级金融素养的减贫效应主要存在于东部地区家庭。本研究为理解家庭收入贫困提供了新视角,对各国减贫政策的制定具有重要借鉴意义。Financial poverty alleviation has always been the focus of scholars and policymakers. Most studies mainly focus on the poverty alleviation effect of external financial development, and pay less attention to the impact of households’ own financial literacy on poverty alleviation. Based on this, this paper uses the new data formed by the matching of Peking University Digital inclusive finance index and China Household tracking survey(CFPS) data to study the joint impact of external digital inclusive finance and internal financial literacy on household income poverty. The study shows that Chinese families lack basic financial literacy and advanced financial literacy, and the financial literacy of poor income families is significantly lower than that of non-poor income families. On the premise of effectively alleviating endogenous problems, the results show that digital inclusive finance and financial literacy have a significant negative impact on family absolute and relative income poverty, that is, both can alleviate family income poverty, and the poverty reduction effect of digital inclusive finance is stronger than that of financial literacy. Financial literacy mainly alleviates family income poverty by alleviating financing constraints, smoothing consumption and increasing risk preference, while the effect of digital inclusive finance on alleviating family income poverty through financial literacy is not significant, which is mainly realized by improving family risk management ability. Further analysis shows that the poverty reduction effect of digital inclusive finance mainly comes from the use depth of digital inclusive finance, and its poverty reduction effect mainly exists in families in the central and western regions, while the poverty reduction effect of advanced financial literacy mainly exists in families in the eastern region. This study provides a new perspective for understanding family income poverty and has important reference significance for the formulation of poverty reduction policies in vari

关 键 词：数字普惠金融 金融素养 家庭收入贫困 内生性 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学] F126