多种卫星降水产品在中国的精度评估  

Evaluation of satellite precipitation products in China

作　　者：夏昕然 田烨 谭伟丽 邵伟 XIA Xinran;TIAN Ye;TAN Weili;SHAO Wei(Department of Hydrology and Water Resources,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学水文与水资源工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2022年第8期29-40,共12页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFC1502000);南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室开放课题基金项目(KLME1706);国家自然科学基金青年项目(51709148);国家自然科学基金青年项目(41807286)。

摘　　要：高时空分辨率的卫星降水产品对于研究区域降水时空分布特点起着非常重要的作用,但卫星降水遥感产品精度仍有待系统评估。以2008—2015年中国地面站点实测降水量数据为参考,采用四种统计指标分别对TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission)卫星降水产品、CMORPH(CPC MORPHing Technique)卫星降水产品以及GPCP(Global Precipitation Climatology Project)降水产品在四季和九大流域尺度上进行对比评估。结果表明在季节尺度上,春夏秋三季TRMM产品和CMORPH产品降水Threat Score (TS)评分较高,但冬季GPCP产品TS评分最高,在东南部地区TS评分达到0.3~0.4。CMORPH产品在春秋冬三季的相关系数最高,均能接近或超过0.4。TRMM产品在春夏秋三季的结果相比CMORPH稍逊,两种产品在冬季均出现降水总量异常高估的情况(Bias分别为57.3%和32.76%)。GPCP在春夏秋三季的一致性低于前两种产品,但冬季精度和一致性较高(相关系数为0.38,均方根误差为15.93mm/d)。从九大流域尺度上看,TRMM产品和CMORPH产品对中到大雨的反演在珠江、东南、长江流域较为准确,部分地区的TS评分甚至达到了0.5,但小雨监测可靠性较差,特别在东南部,流域TS评分不足0.2。GPCP产品虽然在小雨情况下的监测可靠性和前两种相近,但中到大雨事件监测可靠性差,在九大流域整体上TS评分不到0.2。从降水评估的精度和相关性来看,CMORPH产品的在三种产品中表现最佳,TRMM产品稍逊,而GPCP产品的精度和相关性明显落后于前两种产品。Although high temporal and spatial resolution satellite precipitation products play an essential role in analyzing the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation in the study area, the accuracy of satellite precipitation remote sensing products still needs to be carefully assessed. This study uses four statistical indicators to evaluate the daily precipitation performance of TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission), CMORPH(CPC MORPHing Technology) and GPCP(Global Precision Climate Project) precipitation products in four seasons over China and nine watershed scales base on the measured precipitation data of China′s ground stations from 2008 to 2015. The results reveal that the precipitation TS scores of TRMM and CMORPH products are greater in the spring, summer, and fall on a seasonal scale, whereas the TS scores of GPCP products are greatest in the winter, reaching 0.3~0.4 in the southeast. The CMORPH products show the greatest correlation coefficient in spring, autumn and winter, which is approximately 0.4. The TRMM performs somewhat worse than the CMORPH in spring, summer and autumn. The total precipitation of the two products is abnormally overestimated in winter(biases are 57.3% and 32.76% respectively). The consistency of GPCP in spring, summer and autumn is lower than that of the other two products, but the accuracy and consistency are greater in winter(the correlation coefficient is 0.38 and the root mean square error is 15.93 mm/d). From the scale of nine major watersheds, the TRMM products and CMORPH products are more accurate in the Pearl River, Southeast and Yangtze River basins, with the TS score in some areas even reaching 0.5 for the moderate to heavy rain, while the light rain monitoring is inconsistent, especially in the southeast basin, with the TS score less than 0.2. Although the monitoring reliability of GPCP products are comparable to the other two products for the light rain, the reliability of monitoring moderate to heavy rain events is low, with the TS score of t

关 键 词：卫星降水评估 九大流域 TRMM CMORPH GPCP 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]