An overview of quantum error mitigation formulas  

作　　者：Dayue Qin Xiaosi Xu Ying Li 秦大粤;徐晓思;李颖(Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics,Beijing 100193,China

出　　处：《Chinese Physics B》2022年第9期1-12,共12页中国物理B（英文版）

基　　金：This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11875050 and 12088101);NSAF(Grant No.U1930403).

摘　　要：Minimizing the effect of noise is essential for quantum computers.The conventional method to protect qubits against noise is through quantum error correction.However,for current quantum hardware in the so-called noisy intermediate-scale quantum(NISQ)era,noise presents in these systems and is too high for error correction to be beneficial.Quantum error mitigation is a set of alternative methods for minimizing errors,including error extrapolation,probabilistic error cancella-tion,measurement error mitigation,subspace expansion,symmetry verification,virtual distillation,etc.The requirement for these methods is usually less demanding than error correction.Quantum error mitigation is a promising way of reduc-ing errors on NISQ quantum computers.This paper gives a comprehensive introduction to quantum error mitigation.The state-of-art error mitigation methods are covered and formulated in a general form,which provides a basis for comparing,combining and optimizing different methods in future work.

关 键 词：quantum error mitigation quantum computing quantum error correction noisy intermediate-scale quantum 

分 类 号：TP38[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构] O413[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]