尼克松主义与战后日本海上通道战略的转变——以日本防卫厅的作战构想为中心  

THE NIXON DOCTRINE AND THE TRANSFER OF JAPAN’S SEA LANE STRATEGY AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR——FOCUSING ON THE OPERATIONAL CONCEPT OF THE JAPAN DEFENSE AGENCY

作　　者：姜早 周永生 JIANG Zao;ZHOU Yong-sheng(Institute of International Relations,China Foreign Affairs University,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际关系研究所,北京西城100037

出　　处：《南阳理工学院学报》2022年第5期23-28,共6页Journal of Nanyang Institute of Technology

摘　　要：“尼克松主义”对美日同盟产生了深远影响,影响了日本当时的海上通道战略。二战后,在美日盟约中,美国希望海上自卫队充当辅助舰队,而日本法律则规定海上自卫队只能是拥有最低限度武装的海上警察。然而,随着“尼克松主义”的提出,美国向盟国转移防卫义务,海上自卫队从法律中规定的海上警察逐步发展成为承担特定任务的海军。与此同时,日本的海上通道战略也在发生着转变。The Nixon Doctrine had a profound impact on the U.S-Japan alliance, affecting Japan’s sea lane strategy. After World War II, in the U.S-Japan alliance, the Americe regarded the Maritime Self-Defense Force as an auxiliary fleet of the US Navy, while in Japan’s law, it was defined that the Maritime Self-Defense Force could only be a minimally armed maritime police. However, as the United States no longer undertakes defense obligations for its allies under the slogan of the Nixon Doctrine, the Maritime Self-Defense Force had gradually evolved from a maritime police as defined by law to a navy with specific tasks. During this period, the role of the Maritime Self-Defense Force in the U.S-Japan alliance was unclear, but the defense capabilities of the Maritime Self-Defense Force were improved. After 1971, the Maritime Self-Defense Force was regarded by the Defense Agency as an auxiliary fleet of the US Navy, and in 1975, it was clarified in the defense plan that the Maritime Self-Defense Force should assist the US 7 th Fleet to seize sea control.The role of the Maritime Self-Defense Force in the U.S-Japan alliance was also more clearly defined.

关 键 词：海上自卫队 尼克松主义 美日同盟 

分 类 号：D83[政治法律—政治学] D87[政治法律—外交学]