综合护理干预措施对海洛因成瘾者美沙酮门诊维持治疗依从性的影响  

Effects of Comprehensive Nursing Interventions on Adherence to Methadone Outpatient Maintenance Treatment in Heroin Addicts

作　　者：倪承珍 NI Chengzhen(Leping Dermatology Center,Leping 333300,China)

机构地区：[1]乐平市皮肤病防治所,江西乐平333300

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2022年第28期155-157,161,共4页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析综合护理干预措施对海洛因成瘾者美沙酮门诊维持治疗依从性的影响。方法 对2019年1月至2019年12月收治的美沙酮门诊维持治疗海洛因成瘾者68例展开研究,按随机数字表法分两组,对照组34例采用常规护理,观察组34例采用综合护理干预,对比两组干预前后海洛因渴求问卷评分、症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分情况,干预后吗啡检测阳性率及脱失率。结果护理前两组海洛因渴求问卷评分比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);护理后,观察组海洛因渴求问卷评分低于对照组(P <0.05);两组干预前SCL-90总评分及各项目评分比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);护理后,观察组总评分及躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等项目评分均低于对照组(P <0.05);观察组护理后吗啡检测阳性率为8.82%,脱失率为14.71%,均低于对照组的44.12%、47.06%,差异显著(P <0.05)。结论 对海洛因成瘾美沙酮门诊维持治疗者实施综合护理干预有助于帮助患者认识到美沙酮代替治疗的重要性,有效改善心理健康,树立正确观念,减少对海洛因的渴求程度,降低复吸率,提高美沙酮门诊维持治疗的依从性。Objective To analyze the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on the compliance of heroin addicts with methadone outpatient maintenance treatment. Methods A study was conducted on 68 cases of heroin addicts who were treated in methadone outpatient maintenance treatment from January 2019 to December 2019. They were divided into 2 groups by random number table method, 34 cases in the control group received routine nursing, and 34 cases in the observation group received comprehensive nursing. Before and after the intervention, the scores of the heroin craving questionnaire and the Symptom Check-List-90(SCL-90) were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention, and the positive rate and dropout rate of morphine detection after the intervention were compared. Results There was no significant difference in the scores of the heroin craving questionnaire between the two groups before nursing(P>0.05);after nursing, the heroin craving questionnaire score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the total score of SCL-90 before the intervention in the two groups There was no significant difference in the scores of each item and each item(P>0.05);after nursing, the total score and the scores of somatization, obsession, depression, anxiety,terror and other items in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);nursing in the observation group The positive rate of post-morphine detection was 8.82%, and the dropout rate was 14.71%, which were both lower than 44.12% and 47.06% of the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05). Conclusion Implementing comprehensive nursing intervention for heroin addiction and methadone outpatient maintenance therapy can help patients realize the importance of methadone replacement therapy, effectively improve their mental health, establish a correct concept, reduce the degree of craving for heroin, reduce Relapse rate and improve adherence to methadone outpatient maintenance therapy.

关 键 词：海洛因成瘾 美沙酮 综合护理干预 依从性 心理状态 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]