鄂尔多斯盆地早古生代构造分异作用对碳酸盐岩沉积与规模性储层发育的控制  

Carbonate deposition and scale reservoir development controlled by tectonic differentiation in early Paleozoic in Ordos Basin, China

作　　者：苏中堂[1] 胡孙龙 刘国庆 魏柳斌 陈洪德[1] 周雁[3] 包洪平[2] SU Zhongtang;HU Sunlong;LIU Guoqing;WEI Liubin;CHEN Hongde;ZHOU Yan;BAO Hongping(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration Development of Low Permeability Oil&Gas Field,Xi an 710018,China;Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室(成都理工大学),成都610059 [2]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,西安710018 [3]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《成都理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期513-532,共20页Journal of Chengdu University of Technology: Science & Technology Edition

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005-002,2016ZX05004-006);长庆油田科技重大专项(ZDZX2021)。

摘　　要：探讨鄂尔多斯盆地早古生代构造-沉积分异作用及其对沉积物质充填与规模性碳酸盐岩储层发育分布规律的控制。基于野外露头、钻井岩心、地震资料、岩石薄片及最新成果认识,遵循构造-沉积分异理论,分析构造分异作用对碳酸盐岩沉积作用与规模性储层发育的控制效应。鄂尔多斯盆地地震资料、下古生界地层分布规律以及沉积构造、岩石组合差异表明早古生代存在早-中寒武世继承性裂陷分异、晚寒武世-早奥陶世“隆-拗”分异和中-晚奥陶世同沉积断裂分异3种构造分异作用。继承性裂陷分异期,沉积环境由滨岸演变为混积潮坪,在张夏期最终转变为碳酸盐岩缓坡,古隆起与古裂陷共同控制张夏组鲕滩分布;“隆-拗”分异期,盆地内以台地潮坪为特色,相带沿古隆起与拗陷之间呈环带分布,古隆起、拗陷内高地形控制马家沟组颗粒滩沉积;同沉积断裂分异期,断裂下盘发育生物礁,沉积环境由碳酸盐缓坡转变为碳酸盐台地。古隆起周缘、古裂陷两侧与古拗陷内高地形处易形成残余颗粒云岩与晶粒云岩,为天然气有利勘探带;含膏云坪在准同生期形成膏模孔,表生风化壳期溶蚀夷平作用控制岩溶古地貌分布与储层保存状况,岩溶斜坡上部和岩溶残丘顶部为有利勘探目标区;台地边缘礁滩体有望成为远景勘探目标。Based on the study of field outcrops, drilling cores, seismic data, rock thin sections and the latest research results, the concept of tectonic-sedimentary differentiation is adopted to analyze the control of tectonic-sedimentary differentiation on the early Paleozoic carbonate deposition, sedimentary material filling, scale reservoir development and distribution in the Ordos Basin. The analysis of seismic data, distribution of Lower Paleozoic strata and the differences of sedimentary structures and rock assemblages in the Ordos Basin indicates that there were three kinds of tectonic differentiation in the early Paleozoic: early-middle Cambrian inheritance rift differentiation, late Cambrian-early Ordovician “uplift and depression” differentiation and middle-late Ordovician synsedimentary fault differentiation. In the inheritance rift differentiation period, the sedimentary environment changed from shore to mixed tidal flats, and finally to gentle carbonate slope in the Zhangxia stage. The distribution of oolitic shoal in the Zhangxia Formation was controlled by paleo-uplift and paleo-rift. During the “uplift and depression” differentiation period, the basin was characterized by the platform and tidal flat, and the facies belt was distributed in a ring-shaped zone between the paleo-uplift and depression, and the grain shoal deposition of Majiagou Formation was controlled by the high topography in the paleo-uplift and depression. In the synsedimentary fault differentiation stage, reefs developed in the footwall of the faults, and the sedimentary environment changed from gentle carbonate ramp to carbonate platform. The residual grain dolomites and grain dolomites formed on both sides of the paleo-rift and in the high terrain of the paleo-depression are favorable exploration zones for natural gas. In addition, the gypsum mold holes were formed in the penecontemporaneous dolomite flat, and the karst planation in the epigenetic weathering crust controlled the distribution of karst paleogeomorphology and reserv

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯盆地 早古生代 构造-沉积分异作用 沉积模式 生物礁 混积岩 白云岩储层 

分 类 号：TE122.21[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探] P618.130.2[天文地球—矿床学]