芦芽山土壤螨类群落多样性对海拔梯度的响应  

Responses of Soil Mite Community Diversity to Altitude Gradients in Luya Mountain,China

作　　者：王让虎 刘倩煜 王啸宇 赵子义 窦永静 WANG Ranghu;LIU Qianyu;WANG Xiaoyu;ZHAO Ziyi;DOU Yongjing(Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi Key Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Loess Plateau,Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Subalpone Grassland Ecosystem in Shanxi Province,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;School of Geography Science,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所黄土高原生态恢复山西省重点实验室山西亚高山草地生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,山西太原030006 [2]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期1138-1150,共13页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42007040);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0503);太原师范学院大学生创新创业训练项目(CXCY2202);山西省大学生创新创业训练项目(2020505)。

摘　　要：本研究采用梯度格局法,对芦芽山六个海拔梯度(1700、1900、2100、2300、2500、2700 m)的土壤螨类进行调查采集,并测定分析土壤pH值(pH)、土壤有机质(SOM)、土壤全氮(TN)、土壤全磷(TP)、土壤全钾(TK),从而探究芦芽山土壤螨类群落多样性的海拔梯度格局及其与环境因子的响应机制。结果表明:野外调查共采集土壤螨类247只,隶属于3目19科19属20种,优势种为覆盖头甲螨(Tectocepheus velatus)、肩翅尖棱甲螨(Diapterobates humeralis)、螨类若虫和陀螺新革螨(Neogamasus turbinatus)。不同海拔间土壤螨类香浓-维纳指数以及类群数具有显著差异(P<0.05),土壤螨类群落个体密度、类群数、香浓-维纳指数和丰富度指数随海拔高度的增加呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,均在中海拔处达到最高;优势度指数和均匀度指数随海拔高度的增加呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势,在中海拔处最低。相关分析表明:土壤螨类的个体密度与土壤全氮存在显著的负相关关系(P<0.05),香浓-维纳指数与海拔、土壤全氮存在显著的负相关关系;冗余分析结果表明,土壤全氮、全磷和土壤pH是影响土壤螨类群落的主要环境因子。In order to explore the altitude gradient pattern of soil mite community diversity in Luya Mountain and its response mechanism to environmental factors,the gradient pattern method was used to collect soil mites at 6 elevation gradients(1700,1900,2100,2300,2500,2700 m)in Luya Mountain.Soil pH(pH),soil organic matter(SOM),soil total nitrogen(TN),soil total phosphorus(TP)and soil total potassium(TK)were also determined and analyzed.The result indicated that a total of 247 soil mites were captured,belonging to 20 species,19 genera,19 families,3 orders.The dominant species were Tectocepheus velatus,Diapterobates humeralis,Nymph and Neogamasus turbinatus.There were significant differences in Shannon-Wiener index and group number of soil mites at different altitudes(P<0.05).The individual density,Richness index,Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index of soil mite community increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude,and reached the highest at the middle altitude.The Simpson index and Pielou index decreased first and then increased with the increase of altitude,and were the lowest at the middle altitude.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between individual density of soil mites and soil total nitrogen(P<0.05).Shannon-Wiener index was also negatively correlated with altitude and soil total nitrogen.Redundancy analysis further showed that soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus and soil pH were the main environmental factors affecting soil mite community.

关 键 词：土壤螨类 多样性 海拔梯度 芦芽山 土壤环境 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]