杀菌剂毒力及其生物测定  

Fungicide toxicity and its bioassy

作　　者：周明国[1] ZHOU Mingguo(Research Centre for Pesticide Resistance and Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农药抗性与治理技术研究中心,南京210095

出　　处：《农药学学报》2022年第5期904-920,共17页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31730072).

摘　　要：杀菌剂毒力是化合物具有开发和应用价值的固有生物学性状,不仅是农药登记部门予以注册登记的前置条件,而且也是反映杀菌剂生物活性及其安全性和有效性的关键技术参数。本文明确了杀菌剂毒力术语的定义,强调了杀菌剂可能的未知作用方式及通过与病原菌、寄主和环境因子相互作用的病害及流行防控效力在杀菌剂毒力评价中的重要性。深入分析了化合物与受体蛋白相互作用的结构特异性和精确性及干扰靶标蛋白功能的毒理学机制,揭示了杀菌剂毒力的选择性原理。综述了杀菌剂毒力生物测定及其结果分析方法,分析了可能影响毒力测定结果评价的常见因素。本文所述内容可为从事农药创制、加工、应用、毒理与抗性及分子互作科研工作者提供参考。Fungitoxicity is the inherent biological characteristic of fungicide which reflects the activity,safety and effectiveness of the compound.It is a prerequisite for fungicide registration being approved by pesticide registration department and has important value for fungicide creation and rational evaluation.Here,the definition of terms related to fungicide toxicity was clarified and emphasized a series of factors that play important roles in the evaluation of fungicide toxicity,including modes of action of fungicides that have not yet been discovered and the effectiveness of disease epidemic control that which affected by the interaction of pathogen,host and environmental factors.Meanwhile,toxicological mechanisms that interfere with the function of target proteins and structural specificity and precision in the molecular interaction of compound and protein which was important to fungicide toxicological mechanism,were analyzed in depth.The methods of fungitoxicity determination and analysis were also reviewed.The fungitoxicity is an important indicator to measure the quality of fungicide for crop protection.A correct understanding of the concepts of fungitoxicity and its bioassay will be helpful to guide the scientific research of fungicide creation,formulation,application,mode of action and resistance.

关 键 词：杀菌剂 杀菌剂毒力 生物测定 

分 类 号：S481[农业科学—农药学]