基于环境成本的公铁货物运输方式选择研究  

Study on the Modal Choice of Road and Railway Freight Transportation Based on Environmental Cost

作　　者：叶玉玲[1,2,3] 刘楷 刘佳林 Ye Yuling;Liu Kai;Liu Jialin(College of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;The Key Laboratory of Road and TrafficEngineering,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Railway Intelligent Dispatch Command System Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 200071,China;China Railway Shanghai Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200070,China;Shanghai Tunnel Engineering&Rail Transit Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 200235,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海201804 [2]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [3]上海市铁路智能调度指挥系统工程研究中心,上海200071 [4]中铁上海设计院集团有限公司,上海200070 [5]上海市隧道工程轨道交通设计研究院,上海200235

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2022年第5期70-77,共8页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题项目(P2018X010);上海市自然科学基金项目(22ZR1465800)。

摘　　要：交通运输业是目前主要的污染排放源之一,鉴于铁路运输在绿色环保方面的优势,引导货流从公路转向铁路已经成为降低货运行业环境污染的重要举措。研究了公路与铁路竞争条件下考虑环境成本的货物运输方式选择问题,量化分析了环境成本对货物运输方式选择的影响。首先利用各类污染物排放量与成本因子测算单位环境成本,并采用Logit模型对货物单位时间价值进行标定。基于此,综合考虑运输成本、时间成本和环境成本,以最小化社会总成本为目标构建了公铁运输网络间货物运输方式选择模型。以山东省公路网和铁路网货运数据进行了实例研究,分析了环境成本系数变化对运输方式选择和路径决策的影响。结果表明,考虑环境成本后,铁路货运市场份额将会提高,运输成本和污染物排放量则有所降低。Transportation industry is one of the main sources of pollution emission at present. To reduce environmental pollution in freight industry, it has become an important measure to guide freight flow from road transportation to rail transportation in view of the advantages of railway transportation in environmental protection.Therefore, this paper studies the choice of freight transport mode considering environmental cost under the competition between road transportation and rail transportation, where the environmental influence on share rate is quantified. The unit environmental cost is calculated by various pollutants emissions and cost factors and the unit time value of goods is calibrated through the Logit model. Aiming at the minimization of the total social cost composed of transportation cost, time cost and environmental cost, a choice model for freight transportation is then formulated. Taking the freight data of road network and railway network in Shandong as an example, the transportation mode and route selection schemes are discussed under different values of environmental cost coefficient. It is found that considering the environmental cost, the freight market share of railway transportation will increase, and transportation cost and pollutant emission will decrease correspondingly.

关 键 词：货运分担率 路径选择 环境成本 单位时间价值 污染物排放量 

分 类 号：U294.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]