不同密度棉花群体光分布和棉铃空间分布差异研究  

Difference of Light Distribution and Boll Spatial Distribution in Cotton Populations with Different Densities

作　　者：刘锦涛 冯璐[2] 杨北方[2] 古力巴努尔·阿依甫 李志鹏 周相 马云珍 陈国栋[1] 李亚兵[2] 熊世武 辛明华 范正义[2] Liu Jintao;Feng Lu;Yang Beifang;Gulibanuer Ayifu;Li Zhipeng;Zhou Xiang;Ma Yunzhen;Chen Guodong;Li Yabing;Xiong Shiwu;Xin Minghua;Fan Zhengyi(College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China;Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2022年第9期22-28,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“棉花轻简高效栽培技术体系示范与推广”(2020TFD1001005);新疆兵团财政科技计划项目(2020AB017);河南省科技攻关项目(202102110030)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜南疆棉花的合理种植密度,本试验以中641为供试品种,设置12万株/hm^(2)(Ⅰ:低密度)、18万株/hm^(2)(Ⅱ:中密度)和24万株/hm^(2)(Ⅲ:高密度)3个密度处理,采用(76 cm+76 cm)一膜三行种植模式,使用LI-191SA光合有效辐射传感器与棉花数据采集系统,研究比较不同密度处理棉花花铃期群体光合有效辐射截获情况与棉铃空间分布差异及其对棉花生长发育的影响。结果表明:各密度处理棉花全天光合有效辐射(PAR)截获量趋势均表现为双峰曲线,其中,中密度群体与高密度群体的截获量水平在近似范围。各处理冠层PAR截获率空间分布均呈现“V”字型,随种植密度增大“V”型愈发不明显。受冠层PAR空间分布调控,棉花成铃区域由分散型向棉株内侧集中,随群体郁闭度增大,脱落高发果枝向棉株中部靠拢。不同处理间个体产量差异显著,单位面积干物质重与总生物量差异不显著。综之,南疆阿拉尔地区中641品种最适宜的种植密度为18万株/hm^(2)。In order to screen out the reasonable planting density of cotton in southern Xinjiang,Zhong 641 was used as the test variety,and three density treatments of 1.2×10^(5) plants per hectare(Ⅰ:low density),1.8×10^(5) plants per hectare(Ⅱ:medium density)and 2.4×10^(5) plants per hectare(Ⅲ:high density)were set.The planting pattern of(76 cm+76 cm)one film and three rows and the LI⁃191SA photosynthetically effective radiation sensor and cotton data acquisition system were adopted to compare the interception of photosynthetic active radiation and the spatial distribution of cotton bolls at flowering and boll stage under different densities and their effects on cotton growth and development.The results showed that the interception trend of photosyn⁃thetic active radiation(PAR)of cotton in all density treatments showed a double⁃peak curve,and the inter⁃ception levels of medium and high density populations were in the approximate range.The spatial distribution of PAR interception rate in each canopy showed a“V”shape,and the“V”shape became less obvious with the increase of planting density.Controlled by the spatial distribution of canopy PAR,the boll⁃forming area of cotton was concentrated from scattered to inner side of cotton plant,and with the increase of canopy density,the fruit branches with high incidence of shedding moved closer to the middle of cotton plant.There was signif⁃icant difference in individual yield among different treatments,but no significant difference in dry matter weight per unit area and total biomass.In a word,the most suitable planting density of Zhong 641 in Alaer are⁃a of southern Xinjiang was 1.8×10^(5) plants per hectare.

关 键 词：棉花 种植密度 光合有效辐射截获率 棉铃空间分布 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]