提高复杂地表区可控震源炮点布设均匀性的方法及应用效果研究  

Measures to Improve the Layout Uniformity of Vibroseis Points in Complex Areas

作　　者：魏铁 聂明涛 叶朋朋 齐永飞 苏自权 张超 Wei Tie;Nie Mingtao;Ye Pengpeng;Qi Yongfei;Su Ziquan;Zhang Chao(BGP.CNPC,Zhuozhou HeBei 072751,China;College of Geophysics,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司,河北涿州072751 [2]中国石油大学地球物理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2022年第5期699-707,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中国石油集团十四五项目(编号:DFWT-2022-JS-40);中国石油集团科研项目(编号:12-01-04-2022)。

摘　　要：在城区、农场等障碍物区进行地震勘探施工时,受地表道路通行或者障碍物安全距离限制,室内设计炮点很难按照理论位置进行野外实施布设。为了增加布设炮点的均匀性,减少浅层资料缺失对最终成像效果的影响,本文提出可以采取以下措施:大小震源混合应用;降低驱动幅度;减少震源组合台数增加扫描长度;采用伪随机扫描方式,并详细介绍了具体应用方法和效果。为了避免在同一项目中采用多种可控震源激发因素对生产效率产生严重影响,提出采用点代码自动匹配仪器处理类型的配套技术,对在复杂地表区可控震源施工提升施工效率和降低出错率方面效果显著。这些措施在实际生产中应用,不但提升了采集资料的均匀性,而且也提高了野外采集的生产效率,在类似施工项目中具有很好的借鉴意义。When seismic explorations are conducted around farms or in obstacle areas such as urban areas and farms,due to the restrictions of surface road access or the safety distance of obstacles,it is difficult to deploy interior design source points in the field following the design.In order to increase the layout uniformity of vibroseis points and reduce the impact of shallow data lack on the data imaging,this paper proposes the following meusures:hybrid application of large and mini vibroseis;lowering drive level;reducing the number of vibrators in one fleet and increasing the sweep length;applying pseudo-random sweep,and elaborating in detail the specific application methods and their effects.In order to avoid the serious influence on the production efficiency caused by the use of multiple sweeping methods in the same project,a matching technology of point code automatic matching instrument process type is proposed,which has a remarkable effect on the vibroseis production in complex surface areas,improving the production efficiency and reducing the error rate.The application of these measures in the production improves not only the uniformity of acquired data but also the production efficiency of field acquisition,which has a good reference significance in similar seismic acquisition projects.

关 键 词：可控震源 降低驱动幅度 伪随机扫描 点代码 用户自定义扫描 高效采集 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]