多年冻土区路基压缩式制冷装置运行性能及降温效果研究  

Study on running performance and cooling effect of a novel compression refrigeration device for subgrade in permafrost regions

作　　者：胡田飞 王力 刘济华 Hu Tianfei;Wang Li;Liu Jihua(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University;School of Civil Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao University)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室 [2]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院

出　　处：《制冷与空调》2022年第9期10-16,91,共8页Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42001059);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(226Z5402G);河北省自然科学基金(E2020210044);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2020180)。

摘　　要：针对多年冻土区广泛面临的冻土退化和路基融沉问题,基于制冷技术提出一种新的多年冻土保护方法。首先,从传热学角度分析多年冻土退化原因和现有冻土保护措施的局限性。然后,结合中国多年冻土区新能源分布条件,分析各类制冷方法面向路基工程的适用性。基于压缩式制冷原理,设计制作一款路基专用制冷装置,通过模型试验和数值计算研究其制冷性能和多年冻土地基降温效果。结果表明:太阳能光伏压缩式制冷方法在多年冻土区具有良好的技术性和资源性条件。装置制冷温度可达-20℃以下,可以有效保护多年冻土,土体降温幅度随着与装置距离的增大而减小。装置制冷系数(COP)随运行时间呈逐渐减小的规律,试验期间平均COP为0.41。面向单线铁路路基快速降温抢险时,建议装置布置间距取2.0~4.0 m,制冷容量宜设计为0.1~0.2 kW。To improve the permafrost degradation and subgrade thermal stability problems,a novel permafrost protection method was proposed based on refrigeration technology.The reason for accelerated degradation process of permafrost under subgrade and the limitations of existing measures were analyzed according to heat transfer theory.The applicability of different refrigeration methods for permafrost were analyzed combined with the new energy distribution conditions in permafrost regions of China.A special compression refrigeration device for subgrade was designed and manufactured,and its refrigeration performance and cooling effect of permafrost foundation were studied through model test and numerical calculation.The results show that the solar photovoltaic compression refrigeration method has good technical and resource conditions in permafrost regions.The refrigeration temperature can reach below-20℃,which can effectively protect permafrost.The cooling range of soil decrease with the increase of the distance from the device.The coefficient of performance decreases with the operation time,and its mean value was 0.41 during the model test.When applied for rapid cooling of permafrost foundation for single-track railway,it is suggested that the spacing of devices should be 2.0 m~4.0 m and the cooling capacity should be designed to be 0.1~0.2 kW.

关 键 词：多年冻土退化 压缩式制冷 制冷温度 制冷影响范围 制冷系数 

分 类 号：TB6[一般工业技术—制冷工程]