基于水平集和浸入边界方法的鳗鲡科鱼类游动模拟研究  

Numerical simulations of swimming anguilliform fish based on level-set and immersed boundary methods

作　　者：崔祚 汪阳生 周后村 CUI Zuo;WANG Yang-sheng;ZHOU Hou-cun(School of Aerospace Engineering,Guizhou Institute of Technology,Guiyang 550003,China;China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州理工学院航空航天工程学院,贵阳550003 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《船舶力学》2022年第10期1409-1419,共11页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12002097);贵州省普通高等学校工程研究中心项目(黔科合KY字[2018]007);贵州理工学院高层次人才科研启动经费资助项目(XJGC20190956)。

摘　　要：在自然界中,85%鱼类利用身体和尾鳍的往复摆动,在高雷诺数的非定常流体环境中获得快速高效和高机动性的游动性能,而鱼类游动的数值模拟通常具有几何外形复杂和边界运动等难点。本文利用水平集方法(level-setmethod)描述鱼类复杂的几何外形,并将水平集方法和浸入边界法(immersedboundarymethod)相结合模拟柔性鱼体与流体间的相互作用力,研究鳗鲡科鱼类摆动曲线参数以及流体雷诺数对游动性能的影响。结果表明:鳗鲡科鱼类可通过增大摆动幅值来获得快速游动速度,但功率消耗会明显增大;同时会选择合适的鱼体波波数来获得最优游动性能。上述研究结论与鱼类在自然界中的实验观测相吻合。最后,通过设置不同的鱼类外形和鱼类的摆动曲线,发现鱼类游动性能依赖于鱼体外形和鱼体波参数的合理匹配,该研究为鱼类在自然界的优化选择提供了理论解释。In nature,85%of fish undulate their body and caudal fin up and down to achieve fast,efficient and highly maneuverable swimming performance in the unsteady fluid environment with high Reynolds num⁃ber.The numerical simulations of swimming fish have some difficulties,such as complex geometric shape and boundary movements.In this paper,the level-set method was used to describe the complex geometry of fish body,and the coupled level-set and immersed boundary methods were used to simulate the interaction between the flexible fish and the fluid flow.The influences of undulatory motions,as well as the Reynolds number of fluid flow,on swimming performance of anguilliform fish were studied.The results show that the swimming speed of anguilliform fish can be increased by increasing the oscillating amplitude,but the power consumption will increase obviously.Meanwhile,the optimal swimming performance can be obtained by se⁃lecting the appropriate wave number of undulatory motions.These conclusions are consistent with the experi⁃mental observation results in nature.Finally,by setting different shapes of fish body and midline motions,it is found that the optimal swimming performance of anguilliform fish depends on the reasonable matching of geometrical shape and undulatory motions of fish body.This study provides the theoretical explanations for the optimal selection of anguilliform fish in nature.

关 键 词：浸入边界法 水平集方法 鳗鲡科鱼类 游动性能 

分 类 号：TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]