医院药品费用控制影响因素分析  

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Hospital Drug Cost Control

作　　者：官玲花[1] 郑解元 GUAN Ling-hua;ZHENG Jie-yuan(The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361003,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院,福建厦门361003

出　　处：《海峡药学》2022年第9期167-171,共5页Strait Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的对医院药品费用变化情况进行分析,从价格因素、用量因素和结构因素三方面对药品费用进行分解,讨论药品费用在政策与药品费用控制等综合因素影响下的变化情况,以期为医院药品费用控制提供参考。方法选取医院2017~2020年药品销售数据,采用A.M指数体系分析法分析各ATC大类药品费用变化情况,计算药品费用中各因素的变动情况及对总费用变化的贡献权重。结果总体上药品价格呈持续下降趋势,年均下降4.48%;药品用量持续上涨,其中2018年和2019年环比增长10%和8%,2020年受新冠疫情影响,环比下降3%。药品费用变化指数中用药结构权重最大、药品用量次之,价格因素虽然不是药品费用变化的主要因素,但权重呈逐年上升趋势。结论药品费用的变化是使用数量、价格和用药结构三个因素综合影响的结果,不同ATC类别在不同时期权重不断变化。新药引进特别是价格较高的药品引进对医院药品用药结构产生较大影响,进而影响医院药品费用变化;药品价格虽然不是药品费用控制的主要因素,但是随着药品带量采购不断推进,价格对药品费用的影响权重逐年上升,将对医院药品费用控制起到积极作用。OBJECTIVE This paper analyzes the changes of hospital drug costs,decomposes drug costs from three aspects:price factors,dosage factors and structural factors,and discusses the changes of drug costs under the influence of comprehensive factors such as policy and drug cost control,in order to provide reference for hospital drug cost control.METHODS Select the drug sales data of the hospital from 2017 to 2020,use the A.M index system analysis method to analyze the changes of drug costs of various ATC categories,and calculate the changes of various factors in drug costs and their contribution weight to the changes of total costs.RESULTS On the whole,the price of drugs continued to decline,with an average annual decline of 4.48%;The consumption of pharmaceuticals continued to rise,of which 2018 and 2019 grew by 10%and 8%,respectively.In 2020,the impact of COVID-19 was down 3%.In the drug cost change index,the weight of drug structure was the largest,followed by drug consumption.Although the price factor was not the main factor of drug cost change,the weight shows an upward trend year by year.CONCLUSION The change of drug cost is the result of the comprehensive influence of three factors:use quantity,price and medication structure.The weight of different ATC categories changes continuously in different periods.The introduction of new drugs,especially those with higher prices,has a great impact on the drug use structure of hospitals,and then affects the changes of drug costs in hospitals;Although drug price is not the main factor of drug cost control,with the continuous promotion of drug procurement,the influence weight of price on drug cost increases year by year,which will play a positive role in hospital drug cost control.

关 键 词：费用控制 药品费用 价格指数 用药结构 药品用量 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]