英语try to V和try V-ing构式的搭配研究  

Collostructional analysis of try to V and try V-ing constructions in English

作　　者：牛保义[1] 申少帅[1] NIU Baoyi;SHEN Shaoshuai(School of Foreign Languages,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究所,河南省开封市475001

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2022年第5期656-667,798,共13页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“基于汉语名词、动词及动名搭配的认知语法理论构建研究”(18BYY005);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队支持计划(2016-CXTD-05)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文基于英国国家语料库的统计数据,运用“构式搭配分析法”考察英语中try to V和try V-ing构式的搭配,旨在探究两个构式中try与to V和V-ing的搭配偏好和排斥,以及两个构式中V槽动词的语义聚类特征及其与构式义的关联。研究发现:1)try to V构式偏好与表示“得到”“使役”“劝阻”等义的V槽动词搭配;排斥与表示“状态”“意愿”义的V槽动词搭配。2)try V-ing构式偏好与表示“使用”“言说”“日常行为”义的V槽动词搭配。3)try to V构式V槽动词的语义聚焦于需要付出较大努力执行和完成的动作;try V-ing构式V槽动词的语义聚焦于使用手、足、耳、眼等器官执行和完成的日常动作。Try to V和try V-ing构式V槽动词的语义聚类体现了两者的构式义。4)V槽动词与try to V和try V-ing构式的搭配是语言使用者凭借语言知识所作的预判和推断,这一搭配特征体现为“相同则吸引,相异则排斥”。以上研究表明,构式搭配分析法为英语try to V和try V-ing构式的搭配研究提供了一个新的视角,对探讨动宾构式宾语和动词搭配具有一定的普遍意义。Based on data retrieved from the British National Corpus(BNC),this study conducts a collostructional analysis of English try to V and try V-ing constructions,identifying attractive and repulsive associations between the infinitive/gerund complements and the constructions.The study finds the following:First,try to V construction attracts verbs expressing obtaining,causation,and prevention,but repels verbs denoting state and volition.Second,try V-ing construction attracts verbs expressing using,speaking,and other ordinary activities.Third,the infinitive complements in try to V construction are mainly concerned with the actions performed and accomplished with greater effort;the gerund complements in try V-ing construction favor actions or activities performed with the hand,foot,ear,and other parts of the body.The infinitive and gerund complements produce a prototypical effect on the constructional meaning of their respective constructions.Fourth,the collocation of infinitive/gerund complements and their respective constructions represents language users’prefabrication and inference on the basis of their linguistic knowledge.The characteristics of the collocation are specified as“Infinitive/gerund complements are attracted by their respective constructions when they are matching in meaning,and vice versa.”The findings indicate that collostructional analysis proves to be a realistic perspective for the study of try to V and try V-ing collocations in English,and has explanatory power for the collocation of other V-O constructions.

关 键 词：try to V构式 try V-ing构式 搭配 构式搭配分析法 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]