藏猪与姜曲海猪杂交对其后代生产性能的影响研究  

Effects of Tibet pig and Jiangquhai pig crossbreeding on production performance of offspring

作　　者：张伟[1,2] 王利红[1] ZHANG Wei;WANG Lihong(Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College,Taizhou 225300,China;Jiangsu Jiangquhai Breeding Pig Farm,Taizhou 225300,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院,江苏泰州225300 [2]江苏姜曲海种猪场,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第18期42-47,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：江苏省农业种质资源保护与良种推广项目。

摘　　要：为了更好地利用高原藏猪肉质鲜嫩、风味独特的优点发展江苏地区特色养猪业,试验将藏猪分别进行纯繁(藏猪公猪与藏猪母猪选配,记为T♂×T♀组)和杂交(姜曲海猪公猪与藏猪母猪选配,记为J♂×T♀组;藏猪公猪与姜曲海猪母猪选配,记为T♂×J♀组),测定各组繁殖性能指标(窝总产仔数、窝产活仔数、出生窝重、出生个体重及45日龄断奶窝重、断奶个体重、窝断奶头数和窝断奶成活率)和F1代哺乳、保育阶段的日增重、日耗料量及育肥阶段的日增重、日耗料量及料重比,并从各组中选取6头猪进行屠宰,测定屠宰性能指标(胴体重、屠宰率、背膘厚、瘦肉重、脂肪重、瘦肉率、胴体直长和斜长)和肉品质指标(眼肌面积、肉色、大理石纹、pH_(1 h)值、系水力、剪切力)。结果表明:T♂×J♀组窝总产仔数、窝产活仔数、45日龄窝断奶头数极显著高于J♂×T♀组和T♂×T♀组(P<0.01);T♂×T♀组45日龄断奶窝重和窝断奶个体重极显著低于T♂×J♀组和J♂×T♀组的(P<0.01);三组的出生窝重、出生个体重和窝断奶成活率均差异不显著(P>0.05)。在哺乳阶段,J♂×T♀组和T♂×J♀组日增重和日耗料量均显著高于T♂×T♀组(P<0.05);在保育阶段,T♂×J♀组的日增重极显著高于J♂×T♀组和T♂×T♀组(P<0.01),J♂×T♀组的日耗料量显著高于T♂×T♀组(P<0.05),但与T♂×J♀组差异不显著(P>0.05);在育肥阶段,J♂×T♀组和T♂×J♀组日增重均显著高于T♂×T♀组(P<0.05);T♂×J♀组的日耗料量和料重比极显著低于T♂×T♀组和J♂×T♀组(P<0.01),J♂×T♀组的料重比显著低于T♂×T♀(P<0.05)。J♂×T♀组屠宰率高于T♂×T♀组(P<0.05)和T♂×J♀组(P>0.05),瘦肉率极显著高于T♂×T♀组和T♂×J♀组(P<0.01);T♂×J♀组脂肪重高于J♂×T♀组(P<0.05)和T♂×T♀组(P>0.05);3组背膘厚差异不显著(P>0.05)。T♂×T♀组和J♂×T♀组肉色极显著高In order to better utilize the advantages of pork quality of fresh,tender,and unique flavor of highland Tibet pig for the development of characteristic pig breeding industry in Jiangsu province,in the experiment,Tibet pigs were carried out to have pure breeding(eight litters of mating between Tibet boars and Tibet sows,recorded as T♂×T♀group)and cross breeding(ten litters of mating between Jiangquhai boars and Tibet sows,recorded as J♂×T♀group;five litters of mating between Tibet boars and Jiangquhai sows,recorded as T♂×J♀group).Reproductive performance indexes(total litter size,live litter size,birth litter weight,birth weight and 45-day-old weaning litter weight,weight of piglets at weaning,litter weaning head number and litter weaning survival rate),daily gain and daily feed consumption of F1 offspring pigs at lactation stage and nursery stage,and daily gain,daily feed consumption and feed-gain ratio of F1 offspring pigs at fattening stage were determined in each group.Six pigs were selected from each group for the determination of slaughter performance indexes(carcass weight,slaughter rate,backfat thickness,lean meat weight,fat weight,lean meat percentage,carcass straight length and oblique length)and meat quality indexes(eye muscle area,meat color,marbling,pHvalue,water-holding capacity,and shear force).The results showed that the total litter size,the live litter size and the 45-day-old litter weaning head number in the T♂×J♀group were significantly higher than those in the J♂×T♀and T♂×T♀groups(P<0.01);the 45-day-old litter weaning litter weight and the weaning weight in the T♂×T♀group were significantly lower than those in the T♂×J♀and J♂×T♀groups(P<0.01);there were no significant differences in birth litter weight,birth weight and litter weaning survival rate among the three groups(P>0.05).During lactation stage,the daily weight gain and daily feed consumption in the J♂×T♀group and the T♂×J♀group were significantly higher than those in the T♂×T♀g

关 键 词：藏猪 姜曲海猪 繁殖性能 生长性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 杂交 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]