换一个角度看“林张之辩”:从二元社会结构看产业发展  

A New Perspective on “Debate Between Justin Yifu Lin and Weiying Zhang”:Analysis of Industrial Development in Terms of Dual Social Structure

作　　者：张继焦[1] 邵伟航 ZHANG Ji-jiao;SHAO Wei-hang(School of Sociology and Ethology,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;University of Salamanca,Salamanca 37008,Spain)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学社会与民族学院,北京102488 [2]萨拉曼卡大学,西班牙萨拉曼卡37007

出　　处：《杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期101-110,共10页Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：在产业发展进程中,政府与市场究竟谁来推动资源配置一直是经济学界热议的话题,其中尤以林毅夫与张维迎两位经济学家对“有为政府”与“有效市场”的辩论为甚。中国社会是由政府主导的“伞式社会”和民间主导的“蜂窝式社会”两部分结构组成,“伞式”与“蜂窝式”作为嵌入社会结构中的两大主体都在发挥着各自配置资源的能力以推动产业发展,二者之间并非是对立关系,也存在着并存与联结,所以应跳出经济学对政府和市场经济行为的单独解构,换一个角度从社会结构的整体观来看产业发展中“有为政府”与“有效市场”之间的关系。政府与市场、企业在产业发展的不同阶段不同程度地展现出互惠、庇护、支持、合作的紧密关系,既有“蜂窝”结构“找伞”的情况,也有“伞式”结构以委托、嫁接、让渡等方式联合“蜂窝”的情况。一方面,以阶段论的视角切入分析中华人民共和国成立以来产业发展从建立到完善的过程,观察“伞式社会”如何调整“有为”的方式与尺度,从庇护到支持再到服务的过程逐渐将资源配置的权利让渡给市场,作为市场主体的“蜂窝式社会”又是如何从家庭式的互惠到价值链再到产业链乃至产业集群逐步建立有效市场机制。另一方面,从二元社会结构的视角出发,分析二元结构之间是如何通过彼此资源配置权利的让渡与联动推动产业阶段性过程中的要素凝聚、分配转型和升级。在演绎二元社会结构联动推动产业发展机理的同时,与经济学领域的“林张之辩”进行对话。In the process of industrial development,who will drive the allocation of resources between the government and the market has always been a hot topic in the economics circle,especially the debate between Justin Yifu Lin and Weiying Zhang on“promising government”and“efficient market”.In terms of the dual social structure(Chinese society consists of two parts:the government-led“umbrella society”and the civilian-led“beehive society”),this paper proposes to jump out of economics.separate deconstruction of government and market economic behavior,and from another perspective,analyzes the relationship between“promising government”and“effective market”in industrial development from the overall view of social structure.Under the background of the primary stage of socialism and territorial management,the“umbrella”and the“beehive”,as the two main bodies embedded in the social structure,are exerting their respective ability to allocate resources to promote industrial development.It is not a relationship of opposites,there is also some kind of coexistence and connection.The government,the market,and enterprises have shown a close relationship of reciprocity,shelter,support,and cooperation to varying degrees at different stages of industrial development.There are cases where the“beehive”structure finds an“umbrella”,and there is also the case where the“umbrella”structure combines the“beehive”by means of entrustment,grafting,transfer,etc.A phased analysis of the process of industrial development from establishment to perfection over the past70years since the founding of the People.s Republic of China is to be conducted so as to observe how the“umbrella society”adjusts the“promising”methods and scales,and gradually cedes the right of resource allocation to the market in the process from shelter to support to service;how the“beehive society”as the main body of the market gradually establishes an effective market mechanism from family-style reciprocity to value chain to in

关 键 词：产业发展 二元社会结构 有为政府 有效市场 

分 类 号：C912[经济管理] F092.7[社会学]