应用于数据中心冷却的空气制冷循环系统性能分析  

Performance Analysis of Air-refrigeration System for Data Center Cooling

作　　者：隋秋玉 马国远[1] 刘帅领 许树学[1] 马洪霞 Sui Qiuyu;Ma Guoyuan;Liu Shuailing;Xu Shuxue;Ma Hongxia(Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing,100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与生命学部,北京100124

出　　处：《制冷学报》2022年第5期16-23,共8页Journal of Refrigeration

摘　　要：本文提出一种适用于数据中心冷却的空气制冷循环系统,采用数值模拟的方法研究了压比π、环境温度(室外环境温度T_(k)、室内制冷温度T_(0))、转动部件效率(压气机效率η_(c)、膨胀机效率η_(t))对循环性能的影响规律及系统优化途径,并分析了由空气制冷与自然冷却组成的复合系统在典型气候区城市的适用性。结果表明:实际空气制冷循环存在最佳压比,其值介于1.5~2.0之间;循环单位制冷量、制冷性能系数COP随T_(k)的降低或T_(0)的升高而增大;相比于压气机,膨胀机效率对系统性能的提升更为关键;在实际循环(η_(c)=η_(t)=0.8)的最佳压比工况下,增加回热可使制冷COP提升22%;复合系统在呼和浩特运行的AEER可达14.61,表明其在全年自然冷却时长较长的地区更具优势。In this study,an air-refrigeration system for data center cooling is proposed.The effects of pressure ratio,ambient temperature,indoor temperature,and rotating component efficiencies(compressor and expander)on cycle performance were studied by numerical simulation.Approaches to improve the system performance are proposed,and the performance of the composite system comprising the air-refrigeration system and the free cooling system in typical climate cities is analyzed.The results show that the optimal pressure ratio is 1.5-2.0 in the actual air-refrigeration cycle.The unit refrigeration capacity and refrigeration coefficient of performance(COP)increase with a decrease in ambient temperature or an increase in indoor temperature.The efficiency of the expander is more critical than that of the compressor for improving the performance of the air-refrigeration system.Under the optimal pressure ratio of the actual cycle(both rotating component efficiencies=0.8),the refrigeration COP can be increased by 22%by implementing the recuperator.The annual energy efficiency ratio(AEER)of the composite system in Hohhot can reach 14.61,indicating that it has more advantages in areas with a long free cooling period throughout the year.

关 键 词：数据中心 空气制冷 性能系数 回热循环 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TU831.3[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TP308[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]