企业数字化、组织分权与定制化生产--来自世界银行企业调查数据的证据  

Digitalization of Enterprises,Decentralization of Organization and Customized Production:Evidence from World Bank Enterprise Survey Data

作　　者：聂爱云[1] 刘可 何小钢[3] NIE Aiyun;LIU Ke;HE Xiaogang(School of Political Science and Law,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,Jiangxi;Institute of Science and Technology Strategy,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,Jiangxi;Institute of Industrial Economics,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学政法学院,江西南昌330022 [2]江西省科学院科技战略研究所,江西南昌330096 [3]江西财经大学产业经济研究院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《管理学刊》2022年第4期114-132,共19页Journal of Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71963017、72163016);国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD150);江西省社会科学基金项目(21YJ39)。

摘　　要：利用数字化推动企业向定制化生产模式转型,对于提升中国制造业核心竞争力至关重要。从ICT应用角度,阐释了企业数字化水平对定制化能力建设的影响机理,并从组织分权与创新诱发视角探索了数字化影响定制化的核心渠道。进一步地,基于世界银行统计的中国120个地级市共12021家企业调查数据从微观层面对理论进行了验证。研究发现:(1)企业数字化确实能够有效提升定制化水平,这一结论在考虑了内生性并经一系列稳健性测试后依然成立。(2)企业数字化主要通过组织分权和创新诱发两条路径提升了定制化生产能力。(3)完善的地区信息基础设施会强化数字化对定制化的促进效应,这表明存在信息基础设施的网络效应;在员工多功能性更强、技术密集型的企业中,数字化对定制化的提升效应显著增强。研究结论有助于指导企业更好地实施定制化生产转型战略,这为当前中国进一步优化智能制造转型路径提供了政策启示。How to use digitalization to promote the transformation of enterprises to a customized production model is crucial to enhancing the core competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry.From the perspective of ICT applications,this paper explains the influence mechanism of enterprise digitalization level on customization capability construction,and explores the core channels through which digitalization affects customization from the perspective of organizational decentralization and innovation induction.Furthermore,the survey data of a total of 12021 companies in China’s 120 prefecture-level cities based on World Bank statistics validates the theory from a micro level.The study found that:(1)Enterprise digitalization can indeed effectively improve the level of customization.This conclusion is still valid after considering the endogeneity and a series of robustness tests;(2)The path enterprise digitalization improves customized production capacity is mainly induced by organizational decentralization and innovation;(3)A perfect regional information infrastructure will strengthen the promotion effect of digitalization on customization,which indicates that there is a network effect of information infrastructure;In enterprises with more versatility and technology-intensive employees,digitalization has a significant effect on customization Enhanced.The research conclusions of this paper can help guide companies to better implement customized production transformation strategy,which provide policy inspiration for the current China to further optimize the transformation path of intelligent manufacturing.

关 键 词：企业数字化 定制化 信息通信技术 组织分权 

分 类 号：F123[经济管理—世界经济]