稻蟹共生系统对土壤微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Rice-Crab Symbiosis System on Soil Microorganism

作　　者：刘乃更 廖睿 杨占全 梅杰 李晓东 胡清彪[2,3] LIU Naigeng;LIAO Rui;Yang Zhanquan;MEI Jie;LI Xiaodong;HU Qingbiao(Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co.Ltd.Panjin 124200,Liaoning China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shenyang Agricultrual University,Shenyang 100866,Liaoning China;Liaoning Panjin Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Shenyang 110866,Liaoning China)

机构地区：[1]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司,辽宁省中华绒螯蟹育种重点实验室,辽宁盘锦124200 [2]沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]辽宁盘锦湿地生态系统国家野外观测研究站,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《黑龙江水产》2022年第5期22-28,共7页Northern Chinese Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFD0901702);沈阳农业大学高层次人才引进项目(880416005);辽宁省重点研发项目(2019JH210200006)。

摘　　要：该研究以稻蟹(扣蟹)共作及稻田单作中土壤为研究对象,采用S型5点采样法研究稻蟹共作对土壤主要细菌、真菌的影响,结果表明:其中稻蟹共作土壤比单作稻田土壤多6种细菌,且稻蟹共作土壤特有3种细菌,分别是乳酸杆菌、氧化微杆菌和节杆菌,稻蟹共作土壤和单作稻田土壤的共同真菌属有4种,其中枝孢菌属和链格孢菌属均是其优势菌。从种类上讲,稻蟹共作土壤比单作稻田土壤多4种真菌,无蟹稻田土壤特有6种真菌,稻蟹共作土壤特有10种真菌。稻蟹共作土壤微生物的物种多样性及Simpson优势度指数均高于无蟹稻田。揭示了稻蟹共生系统对土壤微生物多样性的影响。The rice-crab symbiosis system is a unique rice farming system formed by planting rice and aquatic organisms in the same rice field space in the shallow water environment of rice field.In this study,the effects of rice crab(Coat-button sized crab)co-cropping on the main bacteria and fungi in the soil were studied by S-type 5-point sampling method.The results showed that there were 6 more bacteria in the rice crab co-cropping soil than in the single cropping paddy soil,and there were 3 kinds of bacteria unique to the rice crab co cropping soil,namely Lactobacillus,Microbacillus oxide and Arthrobacter.There are 4 species of common fungi in crab rice co cropping soil and monoculture paddy soil,of which Cladosporium sp.and Alternaria are the dominant bacteria.In terms of species,there are 4 more fungi in rice crab co cropping soil than in monoculture paddy soil,6 kinds of fungi in crab free paddy soil and 10 kinds of fungi in rice crab co cropping soil.The species richness and Simpson dominance index of soil microorganisms in rice crab co-cropping were higher than those in crab free paddy field.The effects of rice crab symbiosis system on soil microorganisms were revealed.

关 键 词：稻蟹共作系统 单作稻田 细菌 真菌 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]